How to Plant Grapes
Sharing the topic of planting grapes and the techniques and management of grape cultivation with everyone, please see the detailed introduction below.
Grapes are one of the most common and famous fruits originally from Western Asia, and they are one of the oldest species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins or wine. Additionally, their roots and vines can be used in medicine, and they have the effect of calming the fetus and stopping vomiting in pregnant women. Next, let me introduce some grape cultivation management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures; they will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for new shoot growth is between 20-30 degrees, and during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees. When the temperature is low or the accumulated temperature during the growth period is insufficient, it will affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy plenty of light, which can promote photosynthesis in the plants and ensure plant quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight exposure of more than 14 hours, and it should not be less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and also affect fruit quality and yield in the following year.
3. Water
The water requirements for grapes vary at different growth stages; during the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should reach 50%, otherwise it will lead to blossom drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive moisture can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality; also, drainage should be taken care of during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loamy soil, or clay soil, grapes can grow. The optimal pH value for the soil should be controlled between 6-7.5, and it is best to choose well-drained, loose sandy soil for grape cultivation.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages require different fertilization needs, and the amount of fertilizer should be adjusted based on the fertility or barrenness of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the content of nitrogen fertilizer.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing excess buds, pinching off the growing tips, and determining the main shoots. Remove excess weak buds as early as possible, during the germination stage, to reduce nutrient loss; when it is possible to distinguish fruiting branches, prepare for determining the main shoots, which should be adjusted based on the growth of the variety; before flowering, it is necessary to pinch off the growing tips to maximize the reduction of nutrient loss and increase fruit setting rate. Also, based on the yield ratio, keep the corresponding inflorescences; after harvesting the fruit, remove old, weak, and diseased leaves to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions for the plant, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after fruit setting. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags and prune before bagging, removing diseased, weak, and malformed fruits, and then spray some fungicides before securing the bags with wire. Prepare to remove the bags a month before the fruit ripens, opening the bags first and then removing them after a week.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of preventing and treating diseases is to detect and treat early. It is important to observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when some plants are found to be infected with diseases, it is necessary to control them promptly.剪除 infected branches and leaves immediately, burn them to prevent infection, and then spray effective fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture or carbendazim on the fruit trees, while also improving the plant's growth environment by improving ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above introduction on how to plant grapes and the techniques and management of grape cultivation is hoped to be helpful to you. Don't forget to check out more flower cultivation experience and knowledge!