How to plant Hami melon
The editor answers for netizens on how to plant Hami melon and the introduction of Hami melon planting methods and techniques in the aspect of green plants and flowers, which is very good experience and knowledge. It is recommended to collect it!
With the arrival of summer, it is also the time for many fruits to come on the market, such as Hami melon, watermelon, peach, red grape, grape, and many other fruits that are deeply loved and welcomed by people in summer. Many people want to plant some Hami melon at home, after all, the fruit they grow themselves is not only healthy but also safe. So, let's move on to teach everyone about some planting techniques and management methods of Hami melon.
Techniques and Management Methods for Planting Hami Melon
I. Techniques for Planting Hami Melon
1. Sowing: Hami melon can germinate in 5-7 days after sowing. Seedlings should be checked and seeded within 3 days after germination. The seeds for seeding should be disinfected, then soaked and germinated, and the seeds should be seeded when the white sprouts appear.
2. Thinning and Seedling: Begin thinning when 1-2 true leaves appear, leaving 2 plants per hole. When thinning, remove weak and diseased seedlings. When 4-5 true leaves appear, thin to 1 healthy plant per hole. If precision sowing is used, thinning and seedling can be completed at 4 true leaves.
3. Cultivating and Weeding: Cultivating and loosening the soil can increase the ground temperature, preserve moisture, and remove weeds. For melon fields not covered with plastic mulch, after the seedlings have emerged, hand tools can be used to cultivate the soil around the seedlings, ridges, and combine weeding. The cultivation depth should be more than 20 cm, and cultivate and weed 2-3 times before the seedlings begin to sprawl, combining cultivation with removing weeds around the播种 holes and sealing the holes tightly.
4. Tipping: When the plants have 5-6 true leaves, tip the vines by gently uncovering the soil on the inner side of the root茎 and creating a small groove 5-7 cm deep, then gently tip the vines into the groove and remove the first two lateral vines at the base of the stem. At the same time, apply 10-20 cm of loose dry soil around the root茎 base.
5. Pruning and Fruit Setting: The pruning and fruit setting of Hami melon depend on the variety. Early to mid-season varieties, such as Hongmi Bao, Hong taihou, Xinmi 15 (Xiangfei Mi), Xinmi 13 (Xin huanghou), can use the single-vine pruning method. Mid to late-season varieties, such as Xinmi Za 7 (8601), Xinmi 11 (86-1), Xinmi 23 (Jinmi Bao), use the double-vine pruning method. The specific pruning method can be determined according to local planting habits of muskmelon.
6. Pressing Vines: Combine pruning with pressing vines using soil blocks or crossed branches. When pressing with soil blocks, first make a small groove at the pressing site, place the vines in the groove, then press the soil blocks on top. Press the vines 2-3 times throughout the growing period until the ridges are covered.
7. Topdressing: Generally, no organic fertilizer is applied to the melon fields covered with plastic mulch. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, some cake fertilizer or chemical fertilizer can be applied. Topdressing must be done before the female flowers open. Dig a hole between two seedlings, 20 cm below the ditch edge, and apply 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea, and 150 kg of oil slag per mu. After the first fruit harvest, a second topdressing can be done. Foliar topdressing can use: 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 300 grams of urea, each diluted to 0.02% and 0.03% solution. Apply 30-50 grams of fulvic acid diluted to 0.0003-0.0005% solution. Spray 5 ml of spray power with 50 kg of water. The above solutions should be sprayed evenly on the leaves in the early morning and evening.
8. Harvesting: Harvest Hami melon as required, leaving a 10 cm T-shaped handle.
II. Management Methods for Planting Hami Melon
1. Temperature Management
In spring, seedling raising emphasizes keeping warm and preventing diseases, using multi-layer plastic film coverage and ground heating wires. Use the "two high and two low" method of temperature management, that is, before germination, maintain a greenhouse temperature of 30-32°C during the day and 18-20°C at night to promote even seedlings; before the first true leaf unfolds, slightly reduce the greenhouse temperature to maintain 25-28°C during the day and 15-16°C at night to prevent tall seedlings; when the third true leaf appears, slightly increase the greenhouse temperature to maintain 30-32°C during the day and 18-20°C at night to promote early true leaves; one week before transplanting, perform low-temperature hardening of seedlings to gradually adapt them to field conditions.
2. Water Management
Water should be strictly controlled during the seedling stage, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of water before noon on sunny days, and after the water on the plant surface and soil surface has evaporated and the water marks have dried, cover with plastic film.
3. Humidity and Light Management
Ventilation and humidity reduction are the key to preventing seedling diseases. Therefore, after the seedlings have emerged, within the allowable range of greenhouse temperature, the small plastic film greenhouse should be opened as much as possible to increase ventilation and reduce the humidity of the seedbed. In case of cloudy and rainy weather, short-term ventilation and humidity reduction and increased sunlight should also be carried out around noon.
Methods for preventing and treating diseases in Hami melon planting
I. Damping-off Disease
1. When seedlings are affected, spray a copper-ammonium mixture solution. The formula is: 2 parts copper sulfate, 15 parts ammonium sulfate, 4 parts lime, mix well and seal for one day before use. Mix one part of the medicine powder with 400 parts of water for spraying.
2. Spray 70% thiophanate-methyl 500-800 times solution.
II. Wilt Disease
1. Root irrigation with liquid medicine: 70% thiophanate-methyl or 40% ultra-fine multi-fungicide 300 times solution for root irrigation. Dig a small round pit 10 cm deep and 8-10 cm in diameter around the base of the plant, expose the main root base outside, fill the pit with the medicine solution, and do not seal the pit after irrigation to toughen the roots and resist disease.
2. Smearing: Mix 1 part of 70%敌克松 with 20 parts of flour, add water to make a paste, and apply it to the base of the diseased plant. The control effect is very good.
Management of the Growth Period of Hami Melon
1. Fertilization
Hami melon plants grow strongly and should coordinate the relationship between stem and leaf growth and fruit setting to prevent excessive growth and vine collapse. When topdressing, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be properly matched. Avoid single-time fertilization or excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, and avoid chlorine-containing fertilizers. Hami melon seedlings require less fertilizer for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while more is needed during the fruit-setting period. Before flowering, in the young fruit stage, and during fruit expansion, spray "melon and fruit stem strengthener" to strengthen the guiding system, increase nutrient supply during the flowering and fruiting period, strengthen flowers and fruits, promote fruit expansion, and have obvious yield-increasing effects. It is non-toxic and non-polluting and is an efficient product for producing pollution-free fruit.
2. Watering
The first watering is done at the initial flowering stage in plastic mulch-covered melon fields; 2-3 waterings are generally done during the flowering and fruit-setting stage. During the fruit expansion period, water every 7-10 days. When the temperature is high, to reduce the incidence of downy mildew, avoid watering at noon and water less. Watering must stop 10 days before harvesting the fruit.
3. Preventing Frost Damage
In winter, when the temperature is relatively low, early-season Hami melon seedlings are prone to frost and frost damage, which can delay maturity. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent it in time by spraying plant protectant "new high-fat film" on Hami melon seedlings to form a protective film, which can disinfect and protect against frost damage.
Simple Plastic Greenhouse Cultivation Techniques for Hami Melon
I. Cultivation Facilities for Hami Melon Planting
1. Use simple steel pipe greenhouses: Shoulder height 1-7 meters, top height 2.5 meters, surrounded by insect-proof mesh, covered with greenhouse film, with ridge width 0.8 meters, height 0.2 meters, using soft tube system drip irrigation, and mulching the bed surface with plastic film.
2. One-time fertilization technique: All fertilizers are applied before planting in combination with land preparation, and no topdressing is done during the growth period. The fertilizer formula is: compound fertilizer 80 kg/acre, calcium superphosphate 50 kg/acre, potassium sulfate 10 kg/acre, peanut bran 45 kg/acre.
II. Cultivation Management for Hami Melon Planting
1. Variety Selection: Choose the "Pearl Hami Melon" produced by Huizhou Lihuo Company. Pearl Hami Melon can adapt to local climate and soil conditions, has strong resistance to wilt disease, weighs 2.5-4 kg per fruit, has high yield and good quality, and is popular in the market, with high economic value. It can be cultivated in greenhouses throughout the year or in the open field in autumn.
2. Seedling Raising: The suitable sowing period is from mid-January to mid-September. Seed treatment involves soaking the seeds in warm water for 4 hours, then disinfecting with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes, washing with clean water, wrapping in a wet cloth, and placing in a 30°C environment to germinate. Use nutrient bags for seedlings and control water and fertilizer and temperature and light management to cultivate strong seedlings. When the seedlings have 2 leaves and 1 heart, it is the most suitable time for transplanting. Plant in double rows with a plant spacing of 0.5 meters, and 1300 plants per acre.
III. Management
1. Leading Vines: When the plants have 5-6 leaves, they can start to build shelves and lead the vines.
2. Pruning Vines: Use the double-vine single-fruit pruning method, that is, keep the main vine and select one strong lateral vine, and keep 2 leaves at the 10-15 internodes of the lateral vine as the fruiting vine, remove all other lateral vines and lateral vines, and top the main vine and the remaining lateral vine when the main vine has 23-26 leaves.
3. Pollination: Perform artificial pollination at 8-10 am when the flowers open. Select one melon when the melon is about 100 grams and cut off the rest of the melons and their vines. When the melon is about 500 grams, hang the melon.
4. Water Control: Supply a large amount of water during the expansion period after flowering to promote fruit expansion. In the net pattern formation period after the expansion period, strictly control water to enhance quality and net pattern formation. Appropriate foliar fertilization should be applied in the later stage to prevent early plant decline.
5. Harvesting: Harvest about 45 days after pollination.
The above introduction on how to plant Hami melon and its planting methods and techniques hopes to bring you some help. Don't forget to come and see more flowering experience and common sense!