Raspberry Planting and Development Prospects
An article filled with practical knowledge, introducing the planting and development prospects of raspberries and the key points of efficient cultivation techniques for green plants and flowers. The detailed introduction is as follows.
Raspberries, also known as thimbleberries, are functional plants that can be used both as fruit and medicine. The fruit is a berry, tender and juicy, sweet and sour, rich in nutrients, with a unique flavor and pleasant color, and contains various nutrients that are easily absorbed by the human body and essential for the body. The vitamin C content is 5 times that of apples, and the content of amino acids, iron, zinc, and phosphorus is higher than that of apples and grapes. The sugar content is similar to that of apples, pears, and citrus fruits. It contains higher levels of vitamin E, SOD (superoxide dismutase), and amino butyric acid, which are anti-aging substances than any existing cultivated fruits and wild fruits. It is particularly rich in ellagic acid, an anti-cancer substance, with 0.5 to 2.2 mg of salicylic acid per gram of fruit. It has the functions of quenching thirst, eliminating phlegm, promoting sweating, and invigorating blood circulation. The following introduces its efficient cultivation techniques.
1. Site selection and preparation
Choose a sunny and wind-protected area with convenient irrigation and drainage. The soil should be rich in humus and preferably slightly acidic. Before planting, thoroughly plow the land, apply sufficient base fertilizer, apply 2,500 kg of decomposed manure and 30 kg of compound fertilizer per mu (1 mu = 667 square meters, the same below), rake the land flat, and create ridges with a width of 0.8 to 1.0 meters and a height of 0.2 to 0.4 meters, with a trench width of 1 meter, planting about 400 plants per mu.
2. Tillage and weeding
Till and weed 3 to 5 times a year. The soil around the roots should be shallow, and it can be slightly deeper (6 to 10 cm) at a distance. Do not damage the roots during tillage. When the branches are dense in the later stage, it is necessary to thin the flowers and remove weeds. Loosen the soil after watering and after rain, and stop tilling by the end of summer and the beginning of autumn to promote the maturation of the branches and increase the cold resistance in winter.
3. Water and fertilizer management
Avoid waterlogging during the planting process, and irrigate during dry seasons using methods such as sprinkling or flooding. According to the fertilizer requirements of raspberries in East China, young plants absorb more nitrogen fertilizer from February to June, peaking in May, and then gradually slowing down; phosphorus fertilizer absorption is higher from March to May and decreases after fruit harvest. It is recommended to apply base fertilizer once a year and top-dress three times. Base fertilizer is applied after the leaves fall in autumn, applying 300 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50 to 75 kg of calcium superphosphate per mu. Dig a fertilizer trench about 15 cm deep on one side of the plant and spread the fertilizer in the trench; alternate every other year. The first top-dressing is done before spring germination, combined with reviving water, applying 10 kg of urea and 5 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate per mu. The second top-dressing is done one week before flowering, applying 10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu. The third is after fruit setting, applying 10 kg of urea per mu, away from the trunk by 20 cm, and applying it to the root distribution area. According to experiments, spraying 0.1% borax 10 days before flowering can significantly increase the fruit-setting rate and fruit weight.
4. Support and binding
Raspberry branches are soft and often bend down to the ground due to the weight of the fruit, leading to contamination and poor ventilation and lighting, which affects yield and quality. Therefore, supports should be set up to tie the branches to the pillars to improve ventilation and lighting conditions. From the perspective of economic benefits and operational management, using the pillar binding method saves time and money and is more feasible. Specifically, set up a pillar among the plant clusters and directly tie the branches to the pillar.
5. Shaping and pruning
In spring, promptly shape and prune, reasonably prune the withered branches of the previous year, and clean up the overly dense branches. In summer, handle and prune the main branches. After the fruit is harvested, remove all the fruiting branches to make the branches stronger.
6. Disease and pest control
Raspberries are resistant to diseases and are less affected by pests. The main diseases include stem rot and powdery mildew, which can be controlled by spraying biological fungicides such as polyoxymycin, agricultural streptomycin, and thiabendazole 500 times liquid. The main pests include willow borers, leaf-rolling moths, perforating moths, and longicorn beetles, which can be controlled by spraying biological insecticides such as abamectin. In new sites, there are even fewer pests, and effective control can be achieved by strengthening management in autumn and promptly destroying withered branches to eliminate the pathogen.
The above introduction to raspberry planting and development prospects and the key points of efficient cultivation techniques, hoping to bring a little help to your life!