How to Plant and Manage Grapes
Today's sharing: how to plant and manage grapes and the green plant flower content about grape planting methods and techniques. Next, the editor will introduce to everyone.
Grapes are the most common and famous fruit, originally from Western Asia, and one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which helps to calm fetus and stop vomiting for pregnant women. Next, let's introduce the grape planting management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures and will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for new shoot growth is 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growing period will affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy sunlight, and sufficient light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring plant quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight exposure of more than 14 hours, and not less than 12 hours, otherwise it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and the fruit yield of the following year.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements; during the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, otherwise it will lead to blossom and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot, affecting fruit quality. Moreover, drainage should be considered during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it's sandy soil, loamy soil, or clay soil, grapes can grow. It is best to keep the soil pH between 6-7.5, and it's preferable to choose sandy soil with higher terrain, good drainage, and loose soil texture for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted based on the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the nitrogen fertilizer content should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the nitrogen fertilizer content.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing unnecessary buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the shoots. Removing unnecessary buds should be done early, during the germination stage, to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, prepare to determine the shoots, which should be adjusted based on the growth habits of the variety. Before flowering, it is necessary to pinch the growing tips to minimize nutrient loss and increase fruit set, while also retaining the appropriate number of inflorescences based on the yield ratio. Additionally, after harvesting the fruit, the old, weak, and diseased leaves should be cut off to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions for the plants, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags and prune before bagging, removing diseased, weak, and malformed fruit, and then spray some fungicides before securing the bags with wire. Half a month before the fruit ripens, prepare to remove the bags by first opening the paper bags and then removing them a week later.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of disease control is to detect and treat early. It is necessary to observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when some plants are infected with the disease, they should be treated promptly. Upon discovering these diseases, infected branches and leaves should be cut and burned to prevent further infection, followed by spraying effective drugs such as Bordeaux mixture and carbendazim on the fruit trees. Additionally, it is important to improve the growth environment of the plants, including ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above is a specific introduction to how to plant and manage grapes and the methods and techniques of grape planting. I hope you will like it!