What does the Chinese rose and spring mean?
As one of the three treasures of the courtyard, rose often amazes flower friends with its flowering ability. However, many gardeners have found that carefully maintained roses sometimes do not bloom, which is often closely related to neglecting the key vernalization process. Vernalization, a plant physiological phenomenon, is actually an indispensable starting code in the flowering mechanism of rose. The core mechanism of rose vernalization The biological significance of rose vernalization is essentially a physiological arousal process induced by low temperature. When the environmental temperature continues to be maintained in the range of 0-10℃, the expression of flowering genes will be triggered inside the plant and the transformation of terminal bud meristems into flower buds will be stimulated. This process requires at least 500 hours of effective low temperature accumulation, which is equivalent to more than 21 days of continuous vernalization. Special attention should be paid to the differences in the characteristics of varieties. About 30% of the varieties in modern rose (such as balcony series such as 'Juice Balcony') have weakened the need for vernalization through genetic improvement. However, traditional shrub roses and vine roses still strictly follow the rules of vernalization, especially the ancient rose varieties in China, which rely entirely on vernalization to complete flower bud differentiation. The practical plant screening criteria for low-temperature vernalization operation select strong plants over two years old, with a stem thickness of more than 0.8 cm and more than 5 full buds. Special attention should be paid to eliminating plants infected with powdery mildew and black spot, which will deteriorate exponentially during vernalization. The temperature difference between day and night adopts the temperature difference stimulation method of "sunbathing + night shading": 6 hours of direct light is guaranteed during the day to increase the temperature of the leaves to 15-20℃; after sunset, it is wrapped in a double-layered light-shielding bag, and the temperature drops sharply to about 5℃. This temperature difference fluctuation above 10 ° C can significantly improve vernalization efficiency. Collaborative management of water and fertilizer maintains the substrate humidity of 40%-50% during vernalization, and sprays 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 10 days. Pay special attention to avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise it will reverse the vernalization effect and stimulate vegetative growth. Key points for post-vernalization When it is observed that the bud point expands to the size of soybean grains, it indicates that vernalization has been successful. At this time, the shading measures should be gradually lifted and the ambient temperature should be slowly increased to the stable range of 18-25℃ within 15 days. Combined with Huaduo No. 2 root irrigation once a week, the flower quantity can be increased by 200%.
Mastering the vernalization rules of roses is like obtaining a flowering key. By scientifically controlling temperature variables and physiological stimuli, even novice flower friends can make roses achieve bursting effects. It is worth noting that the "refrigerator vernalization method" can be adopted in frost-free areas such as Guangdong and Guangxi. The pruned branches are wrapped in wet moss and artificially vernalized in a refrigerator at 4℃, which provides an innovative solution for rose cultivation in tropical areas. solution.