Diseases and Pests of Grape Hyacinth and Their Control
The grape hyacinth, with its elegant blue-purple inflorescence, is deeply loved by gardening enthusiasts. However, it is inevitable to encounter the threat of diseases and pests during maintenance. This article systematically analyzes the identification and control strategies of three typical diseases through diagram and practical operation guidelines, helping you create a healthy flower border.
Control Plan for Grape Hyacinth Black Powder Disease
Symptom Identification and Hazard Period
Black powder disease mainly attacks the flower spike area, initially presenting as white vesicular elevations, and later turning into black-brown powdery spore piles. Infected plants may experience a 40%-60% decrease in flowering rate, and the pathogen spores can be transmitted to surrounding plants through the air.
Chemical Control and Operational Standards
Immediately spray 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times liquid at the initial stage of the disease, focusing on covering the back of the flower spike. It is recommended to apply the medicine after the dew dries in the early morning, for 3 consecutive times with a 7-day interval. If it rains within 12 hours after spraying, a respray is needed.
Comprehensive Control of Grape Hyacinth Yellow Rot Disease
Development Characteristics of Symptoms
Translucent water-stained spots appear between the leaf veins, which expand to irregular yellow-brown lesions within 48 hours. A cross-section of the bulb shows browned vascular bundles, with yellow bacterial pus exuding, and severely diseased bulbs can rot at a rate of 100%.
Pre-treatment Technology for Bulbs
Select healthy bulbs with a diameter ≥ 3 cm, soak them in 40% formaldehyde 50 times liquid for 20 minutes, then rinse with clean water 3 times and dry in the shade. At planting, apply 50% carbendazim 1000 times liquid to the roots, using 2-3 liters per square meter.
Strategy for Eradicating Grape Hyacinth Sclerotium Disease
Standard Soil Disinfection Process
Mix 8-10g of 75% pentachloronitrobenzene powder per cubic meter of cultivated soil, maintain soil moisture at 60% and seal for fumigation for 7 days. It is recommended to change the disinfected substrate annually for potted plants and implement a 3-year or more crop rotation for ground planting.
Standard for Diseased Plant Treatment
When a yellow round spot with a diameter >1 cm is found on the leaves, immediately dig up the diseased plant along with its roots. The tools used for handling should be wiped with 75% alcohol, and the diseased residues should be sealed in double-layered plastic bags for incineration. The treatment radius should include an area 30 cm around the diseased plant.
By establishing a three-level protection system of bulb selection, soil disinfection, and regular inspections, the incidence of diseases can be reduced by over 85%. It is recommended to apply systemic fungicides to the roots once a month, strengthen drainage management during the rainy season, and keep the base of the plants ventilated and dry to maintain the best ornamental state of grape hyacinths.