When is the Best Time for Grape Cutting
Grapes, as a popular vine fruit tree, cutting propagation is a commonly used seedling method by fruit farmers. Mastering the correct cutting time and scientific methods can increase the rooting rate of branches by more than 50%. This article will systematically analyze the core essentials of grape cutting from the best timing selection to practical skills.
I. Analysis of the Golden Period for Grape Cutting
1.1 Relationship Between Seasonal Temperature and Survival Rate
Experimental data shows: when the air temperature stabilizes between 20-28°C and the soil temperature reaches above 15°C, the healing tissue formation speed of grape cuttings is the fastest. It is recommended to cut in the spring from late March to mid-April in the northern regions, while the warm southern areas can choose to cut in June-July during the summer.
1.2 Utilizing the Humidity Advantage During the Rainy Season
Summer cutting can take advantage of the air humidity of over 85% during the plum rain season, combined with sunshade net to control the light intensity between 20,000-30,000 lux, which can significantly reduce the evaporation of water from the cuttings. However, attention should be paid to protection against heavy rain, and it is recommended to build a simple rain shelter.
II. Detailed Explanation of the Five-Step High Survival Rate Cutting Method
2.1 Standards for Selecting Quality Cuttings
Select semi-woody new branches of the current year with a diameter of 0.6-1cm, retaining 2-3 full buds. Use pruning shears disinfected with alcohol, with the top cut flat to retain 1cm of protective buds and the bottom cut at a 45-degree angle to increase the water absorption area.
2.2 Root Activation Treatment
Soak the base of the cuttings in a 500mg/L naphthalene acetic acid solution for 30 minutes, or dip in a rooting powder containing indole butyric acid. After treatment, the cuttings should be dried in the shade for 1 hour to form a protective film before cutting.
2.3 Intelligent Substrate Configuration
Use a mixed substrate of perlite: vermiculite: humus soil = 1:1:2, adjusting the pH value to 6.0-6.5. Add 50g of carbendazim per cubic meter for disinfection and lay a 30cm thick cultivation layer.
2.4 Scientific Cutting Operation Standards
Insert the cuttings into the substrate at a 45-degree angle, with a depth of 2/3 of the cutting. Maintain a spacing of 8-10cm between plants and 20cm between rows. After inserting, immediately water thoroughly to stabilize the roots and cover with plastic film to maintain 85% humidity.
2.5 Intelligent Environmental Control
Install temperature and humidity monitors, maintain a daytime temperature of 25°C/nighttime temperature of 18°C, and provide 10-12 hours of sunlight daily. After 15 days, gradually ventilate and harden the seedlings, and after 30 days, apply a 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer.
III. Key Points of Post-Management
When the new roots grow to 5cm, transplant them on a cloudy day or in the evening with soil. After planting, build a 60% shade net and keep the soil moist but not waterlogged during the slow seedling period. The following spring, grafting or planting in the orchard can be carried out.
By accurately grasping the cutting timing and standardized operation process, combined with an intelligent environmental monitoring system, the survival rate of grape cutting can be stabilized at over 90%, providing high-quality seedlings for large-scale planting.