What does the black currant grape seedling look like
In home orchard planting, black currant grapes are highly favored for their unique flavor and rich nutritional value. However, many novice growers often make frequent mistakes in the cultivation process due to the inability to accurately identify seedling characteristics. This article will guide you through the morphological characteristics and scientific cultivation techniques of black currant grape seedlings.
Analysis of the Morphological Characteristics of Black Currant Grape Seedlings
Typical Plant Characteristics
Black currant grapes are deciduous upright shrubs, showing a distinct upright nature in the seedling stage. Mature plants reach a height of 1-2 meters, with stems having a unique dark gray to grayish-brown epidermis, and new branches showing fine and dense villi on the surface. The nearly round leaves have a diameter of 3-5 centimeters, with irregular sawtooth edges and radiating veins.
Key Points for Flower and Fruit Identification
The flowering period is concentrated from May to June, with umbel inflorescences borne at the top of short branches. The initial flower buds are light pink, turning yellow-green when fully open. The berries mature from July to August, with a diameter of 8-12 millimeters, covered with white fruit powder and presenting a bright black characteristic when mature.
Details of the Cultivation Techniques for Black Currant Grape Seedlings
Scientific Site Selection Principles
Choose a sunny gentle slope with a slope of ≤15°, requiring a soil layer depth of >50cm and an organic matter content of ≥2%. The soil pH value should be between 6.0-6.5, with the groundwater level kept below 1.2 meters. It is recommended to plant in a north-south orientation to ensure a daily sunlight duration of ≥6 hours.
Accurate Planting Specifications
Planting is suitable in both spring and autumn, with the northern regions recommended to plant after the thaw in mid-April. Choose 1-2-year-old vigorous seedlings with a main root length of >20cm and at least 5 lateral roots. The planting hole specifications are 60×60×50cm, with 10kg of decomposed organic fertilizer applied per hole. The plant spacing should be 1.2×2.2 meters in a close planting mode, with 250-300 plants per mu.
Key Points for Meticulous Management
Water thoroughly after planting, maintaining soil moisture at 60-70% for the first three years. Apply fertilizer three times a year: nitrogen fertilizer (urea 15kg/mu) during the germination period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer (calcium superphosphate 20kg + potassium sulfate 10kg/mu) during the fruit-setting period, and organic fertilizer (3 tons/mu) after harvesting. Use the 'three-branch pruning method' to retain 1/3 each of fruiting mother branches, renewal branches, and reserve branches, ensuring stable annual yields.
By systematically mastering the morphological characteristics and cultivation techniques of black currant grape seedlings, growers can achieve the goal of fruiting in 3 years and high yield in 5 years. It is recommended to establish a management calendar based on the phenological period, with special attention to measures such as frost prevention during the flowering period and bird damage prevention during the fruiting period to effectively improve fruit quality and economic benefits.