How to plant the grape seedlings bought back
Summary: This article shares some experience on how to plant grape seedlings and the green plant maintenance with fertilizers. Let's follow the editor to have a look!
In the process of planting grape seedlings, the correct planting method and reasonable fertilization management are the keys to ensuring the healthy growth and high yield of grapes. The following will introduce in detail how to plant the grape seedlings bought back and what fertilizers to use, to help you better master the grape planting technology.
### Part One: Methods for Planting Grape Seedlings1. - - Choose the Right Time - -Grape seedlings are usually planted in spring or autumn. Spring planting generally occurs from March to April, when the temperature gradually rises, which is conducive to the root growth of grape seedlings; autumn planting is from October to November, when the temperature is suitable, allowing the grape seedlings to take root before winter, laying the foundation for growth in the following year.2. - - Choose Suitable Soil - -Grapes require loose, fertile, and well-drained soil to grow. The pH value of the soil should be maintained between 6.0-7.5. Too acidic or alkaline soil will affect the growth of grapes. If the soil conditions are not ideal, they can be improved by adding organic fertilizers or lime.3. - - Digging Pits and Planting - -Before planting, it is necessary to dig a planting pit, which is usually about 50 centimeters deep and wide. When digging, separate the topsoil and subsoil and pile them separately. When planting, place the grape seedling in the pit with the roots naturally spread out, then fill the topsoil into the pit and gently compact it to ensure the roots make full contact with the soil. After planting, water thoroughly to help the seedlings take root.4. - - Building Support Structures - -Grapes are vines that need support structures to grow. Support structures should be built promptly after planting. Common forms include trellises and pergolas. The height and spacing of the structures should be adjusted according to the grape variety and planting density to ensure the vines have enough growing space.5. - - Pruning and Shaping - -After planting, grape seedlings need proper pruning and shaping. Pruning aims to remove weak and diseased branches to promote the growth of main branches. Shaping is done according to the form of the support structure to guide the vines to the right position, forming a good tree shape for easier management and harvesting in the later stages.
### Part Two: Fertilization Management of Grape Seedlings1. - - Base Fertilizer Application - -Base fertilizer is the fertilizer applied before planting grape seedlings, mainly providing long-term nutrients for grapes (G-Y). Common base fertilizers include decomposed organic fertilizers (such as cow dung, sheep dung, chicken dung, etc.) and compound fertilizers. The amount of base fertilizer applied should be adjusted based on soil fertility and grape variety, usually 5-10 kilograms of organic fertilizer and 100-200 grams of compound fertilizer per grape seedling. When fertilizing, spread the fertilizer evenly at the bottom of the planting pit, mix it with the soil, and then plant the grape seedlings.2. - - Topdressing Application - -Topdressing is the fertilizer applied during the growth of grapes according to their nutrient needs. The grape growth cycle is divided into germination, flowering, fruit expansion, and maturity stages, with different nutrient requirements for each stage.- - - Germination Stage - -: The germination stage requires a lot of nitrogen fertilizer to promote the growth of new shoots and leaves. Urea or high-nitrogen compound fertilizers can be applied, with 50-100 grams per grape seedling.- - - Flowering Stage - -: The flowering stage requires a moderate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote bud differentiation and flowering. Phosphate and potassium fertilizers or high-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers can be applied, with 50-100 grams per grape seedling.- - - Fruit Expansion Stage - -: The fruit expansion stage requires a large amount of potassium fertilizer to promote fruit expansion and sugar accumulation. Potassium sulfate or high-potassium compound fertilizers can be applied, with 100-150 grams per grape seedling.- - - Maturity Stage - -: The maturity stage requires a moderate amount of potassium fertilizer and trace elements to improve fruit quality. Foliar fertilizers such as phosphate and potassium fertilizers and boron fertilizers can be applied, with a spray concentration of 0.2%-0.3%.3. - - Foliar Fertilizer Use - -Foliar fertilizers are applied to the leaves and can quickly supplement the trace elements needed by grapes, improving photosynthesis efficiency. Common foliar fertilizers include phosphate and potassium fertilizers, boron fertilizers, zinc fertilizers, etc. Foliar fertilizers are usually applied in the morning or evening to avoid high temperatures, with a spray concentration of 0.2%-0.3%, and applied every 10-15 days.4. - - Combination of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers - -Combining organic and inorganic fertilizers in grape fertilization management can improve fertilizer efficiency and soil structure. Organic fertilizers provide comprehensive nutrients and improve the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity; inorganic fertilizers quickly supplement the nutrients needed by grapes, promoting their growth. Therefore, in the fertilization management of grapes, attention should be paid to the reasonable combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers to ensure the healthy growth of grapes.
### Part Three: Water Management of Grape SeedlingsGrapes have a high demand for water, but the water requirements vary at different growth stages.- - - Germination Stage - -: Grapes need ample water during the germination stage to promote the growth of new shoots and leaves. The soil should be kept moist and avoid drought.- - - Flowering Stage - -: The flowering stage requires a moderate amount of water. Excessive water can lead to flower and fruit drop, so the amount of watering should be controlled to keep the soil moderately moist.- - - Fruit Expansion Stage - -: The fruit expansion stage requires a lot of water to promote fruit expansion. Watering should be increased to keep the soil moist but avoid waterlogging.- - - Maturity Stage - -: The maturity stage requires a moderate amount of water. Excessive water can cause fruit cracking, so the amount of watering should be controlled to keep the soil moderately moist.
### Part Four: Disease and Pest Control of Grape SeedlingsGrapes are susceptible to diseases and pests during growth, with common diseases including downy mildew, black rot, and common pests including grape clearwing moth and grape hawkmoth.- - - Disease Control - -: Disease control should focus on prevention, regularly applying fungicides such as carbendazim and mancozeb, with a spray concentration of 0.2%-0.3%, applied every 10-15 days.- - - Pest Control - -: Pest control should combine physical and chemical methods. Regularly inspect grape plants, and apply insecticides such as trichlorfon and pymetrozine when pests are found, with a spray concentration of 0.1%-0.2%.
### Part Five: Winter Management of Grape SeedlingsWinter is the dormant period for grapes, during which appropriate pruning and anti-freeze management are required.- - - Pruning - -: Winter pruning is an important part of grape management, aimed at removing weak and diseased branches to promote the growth of main branches. Keep strong main and lateral branches and remove dense, crossed, and diseased branches.- - - Anti-freeze Management - -: With low temperatures in winter, grapes are prone to frost damage, so anti-freeze management is necessary. Common methods include covering with straw or plastic film to maintain soil temperature and prevent grape roots from freezing. Through the detailed planting methods and fertilization management mentioned above, you can better plant and manage grape seedlings to ensure their healthy growth and high yield. In practice, adjustments should be made according to local climatic conditions and grape varieties, and management measures should be used flexibly to increase the yield and quality of grapes.
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