Grape Planting Disease and Pest Control
This article provides a detailed explanation of the green plant and flower planting content for grape planting disease and pest control, followed by a comprehensive introduction.
Grape Planting Disease and Pest Control
Grape diseases and pests are a natural disaster that greatly affects the yield, quality, and market of grapes. In recent years, due to the rapid development of grape production, the number of diseases and pests has been increasing, and their occurrence patterns have also become more complex. Therefore, fruit farmers should pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and pests and remember the specific prevention and control points.
Plant Quarantine
The best way to prevent diseases and pests is to prevent the entry of dangerous pathogens and pests into new areas. Plant quarantine is the main technical measure to control the spread of diseases and pests. On-site or origin inspections are carried out on seeds, seedlings, scions, and seed tapes that are moved. If materials with pathogens and pests are found, they are scattered before reaching the new area.
Agricultural Measures
Fruit farmers should do a good job in clean management, which is the fundamental measure to eliminate grape diseases and pests. In spring and autumn, withered branches and leaves should be cut, old bark peeled, and burned or buried deep. Moreover, excessive branches and leaves on the grape trellis, too many retained clusters, poor ventilation, and lighting can easily cause diseases and pests. Therefore, it is necessary to tie the grape vines in time and remove secondary branches to create good ventilation and lighting conditions. Finally, the application of organic or inorganic compound fertilizers can enhance over-fertilization of fruit trees, lack of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, soil moisture, or drought, promoting the occurrence of diseases and pests.
Disease-resistant Varieties
Using disease-resistant varieties in production is the most economical and effective method for disease and pest control. Varieties with strong resistance to diseases and pests or interspecific hybridization show significant effects. They are not only cold-resistant but also resistant to downy mildew and powdery mildew. In addition, the欧美 hybrid variety Kikufu Group introduced from Japan has strong resistance to black spot and (T-J) disease, making it deeply loved by cultivators.
Biological Control
Biological control is an important part of integrated pest management. It mainly includes insect control and bacterial control. It is safe for fruit trees, humans, and livestock, does not pollute the environment, does not harm natural enemies and beneficial organisms, and has long-term control effects. Currently, the agricultural antibiotic 402 biological pesticide has achieved good control effects in grape production. Among them, 120a and 120bf can be used as ideal biological agents for controlling grape powdery mildew, with good effects on grape black spot as well.
Physical Control
It is a method that uses the specific responses and tolerance of fruit tree diseases and pests to temperature, spectrum, and sound to kill or repel pests. For example, in virus-free grape seedlings, potential treatment is usually used to remove viruses. For the phototaxis of pests, black lights can be installed in the orchard to attract and kill pests, widely applied with good control effects.
Chemical Control
The application of chemical pesticides to prevent and control the occurrence of diseases and pests is both a necessary means of pest control and an indispensable part of integrated pest management. Although chemical pesticides have issues such as environmental pollution, killing natural enemies, and residual toxicity, they have advantages that other control methods cannot replace. For example, they take effect quickly, have good results, have a broad spectrum, are convenient to use, and are suitable for large-area mechanical operations.
The above six key measures for controlling grape diseases and pests are not only crucial for grape quality and yield but also harm fruit farmers' interests. Therefore, doing a good job in disease and pest management is of utmost importance in grape planting.
The content related to grape planting disease and pest control shared in this article is hoped to be helpful to you!