Prevention and Control Methods for Common Diseases of Grapes during the Chushu Season
A comprehensive introduction to the knowledge of green plants and flowers about the prevention and control methods for common diseases of grapes during the Chushu season. Please refer to the detailed introduction below.
Prevention and Control Methods for Common Diseases of Grapes during the Chushu Season
Summer is in August, with alternating hot and cold weather and more rain. For grape cultivation management, it is prone to various diseases such as downy mildew. These diseases can severely affect the yield and quality of grapes. Therefore, disease prevention and control should be emphasized in summer. Let's learn about the common diseases and their prevention methods for grapes in summer.
Downy Mildew
Main Symptoms: Downy mildew is a fungal disease that only affects grapes, mainly targeting the leaves, young shoots, and buds. Symptoms include irregular yellowish, semi-transparent oil spots on the leaves, greasy appearance on the surface of young branches, and yellowish-white mold. In the early stages of the disease, affected parts of young fruits appear light green.
Prevention Methods
① To reduce bacterial sources, orchard management should be strengthened, pruning should be reasonable, and diseased leaves and fruits should be cleared in late autumn. Additionally, applying phosphorus, potassium, and calcium fertilizers can enhance the plant's resistance to bacterial diseases and reduce the chance of pathogen infection.
② A 72% metalaxyl-manganese zinc solution (600 times) or an 18% Anke manganese zinc solution (1000 times) has a good preventive and control effect on grape downy mildew.
Brown Spot
Main Symptoms: Brown spot disease mainly affects grape leaves. Based on the size of the lesions and the pathogen, it can be divided into large brown spots and small brown spots. Generally, large brown spots are nearly circular, 3-10 mm in diameter, with a deep brown ring in the center; small brown spots are 2-3 mm in diameter and of the same size. In the later stage, dark brown mold appears on the back of the lesions.
Prevention Methods
① Spray a 1:0.7:200 Bordeaux mixture solution, 80% spray or a wettable powder of Dasheng M-45 (800 times solution), 5% bacterial toxin solution (1000 times solution). Spray every 10-15 days, for a total of 2-3 times for good results.
② To reduce the source of overwintering bacteria, thoroughly clear fallen leaves in autumn, increase the application of organic active nutrients, enhance the vitality of trees during the growing period, and improve drainage to reduce humidity, which can lower the incidence of disease.
Sunburn
Main Symptoms: This disease usually occurs during the ripening period of the grape clusters, often in clusters exposed to sunlight, and occurs due to fruit water deficiency. When the fruit is scorched, there are light brown, nearly circular spots on the surface, with unclear edges. The fruit surface first contracts and then gradually droops, and in severe cases, the clusters become dried fruits.
Control Methods:
① To reduce the groundwater level, especially in low-lying areas, it is important to drain water promptly after rain. Reasonable fertilization, such as applying a large amount of organic fertilizer.
② Wrap the berries in front of the hard core to prevent direct sunlight.
Black Rot
Main Symptoms: It mainly damages parts of the grape fruits and leaves. Symptoms include red-brown, nearly circular spots between the veins when leaves are infected; and for mature fruits, there are initially purple-brown small spots, with a grayish center and slightly sunken.
Control Methods:
① To reduce the source of pathogens, it is necessary to cut off diseased clusters and branches, and clear fallen fruits, diseased fruits, and leaves.
② Special agents such as a 50% wettable powder of carbendazim (600-800 times), a 75% wettable powder of thiophanate-methyl (600-800 times), or a 20% wettable powder of azolomide (1000-2000 times) can be used for control.
In addition to the above diseases, there are also common diseases such as black spot, (T-J), etc., which are also key防控 points in summer. Generally speaking, the summer season is a special period, signaling the end of high temperatures. It is important to combine climate characteristics and carry out disease prevention and control work to ensure the yield of late葡萄 cultivation.
The above introduction to the prevention and control methods for common diseases of grapes during the Chushu season, hope this article can bring you some help!