How Beginners Can Plant Grapes
A detailed introduction about how beginners can plant grapes and the key points of grape cultivation techniques related to green plants and flowers follows. Here is a comprehensive introduction.
Grapes are one of the most common and famous fruits, originally from Western Asia, and are among the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins or fermented into wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which is beneficial for pregnant women to calm the fetus and stop vomiting. Next, I will introduce the grape planting and management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm conditions and will germinate when the temperature reaches above 10 degrees, so they are generally planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is between 20-30 degrees; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growth period can affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy plenty of light, which can promote photosynthesis in the plants and ensure plant quality. The daily sunlight exposure should reach 14 hours or more, and not less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and the yield of fruit in the following year.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements; during the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, otherwise, it can lead to blossom and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive moisture can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality. Additionally, drainage should be managed during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loamy soil, or clay soil, grapes can grow. It is best to keep the soil pH between 6-7.5, and it is preferable to choose well-drained, loose sandy soil for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted according to the fertility or poverty of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruit-setting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased, while the content of nitrogen fertilizers should be reduced.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing unnecessary buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Removing unnecessary buds should be done early, during the germination period, to reduce the consumption of nutrients. When fruiting branches can be distinguished, it is time to determine the main branches, which should be adjusted according to the growth of the variety. Pinching the growing tips should be done before flowering to minimize the consumption of nutrients and increase the fruit-setting rate. Also, after harvesting the fruit, the old and weak leaves should be cut to reduce nutrient consumption, improve lighting conditions, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after fruit setting. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags and prune first before bagging, removing diseased and deformed fruits and spraying some fungicides, then securing the bags with wire. Prepare to remove the bags half a month before the fruit matures, first opening the bags and then removing them a week later.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of preventing and treating diseases is to detect and treat early. Observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when some plants are found to be infected, they should be treated promptly. Upon discovering these diseases, infected branches and leaves should be cut and burned to prevent infection, followed by spraying effective drugs such as Bordeaux mixture or carbendazim on the fruit trees. It is also important to improve the growth environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above[] introduction on how beginners can plant grapes and the key points of grape cultivation techniques cover all the content for you to fully understand and refer to!