What kind of soil is suitable for kiwifruit
This article introduces the type of soil suitable for kiwifruit and knowledge about kiwifruit cultivation techniques and floriculture. Please see the detailed introduction below.
Kiwifruit, also known as奇异果 (odd fruit), fox fruit, vine pear, monkey pear, and Yangtang pear, is native to southern China and belongs to the Actinidia deliciosa species. Kiwifruit not only has a sweet and sour taste that is loved by many but also contains actinidine, tannins, pectin, proteinases, and sugars, as well as trace elements such as calcium, zinc, potassium, and 17 amino acids essential for the human body. It is rich in vitamin C, fructose, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, and fat. Let's understand the kiwifruit planting techniques together.
1. Planting Time
In the southern regions, which are relatively warm, freezing does not usually occur during winter. Planting is done during the autumn rainy season. In the northern regions, planting usually takes place during the dormancy period of kiwifruit seedlings, which is before early spring in March or after the leaves fall and before sprouting.
2. Soil Preparation and Fertilization
Soil preparation is generally done after rain when the soil is relatively loose, as deep turning at this time is more effective than at other times. During deep turning, farm manure is applied as a base fertilizer, with an application rate of over 250 kilograms per mu. After deep turning, dig ditches about 30 cm deep and wide, with a row spacing of about 3 meters for drainage. The excavated soil is piled in the middle of the ridge, forming a ridged shape that is lower on both sides and higher in the middle.
3. Planting Method
Since kiwifruit is a dioecious plant, with pollination handled by male trees and fruiting done by female trees, it is necessary to evenly disperse male and female trees at a ratio of 1:6 or 1:8, maintaining a plant spacing of 3 meters and a row spacing of 4 meters.
4. Soil Management
Kiwifruit soil management includes deep turning to improve soil and tillage with weeding. Deep turning is usually combined with applying base fertilizer. After 1 to 2 years of planting, dig a trench around the outer part of the plant roots for fertilization. After the garden is cleared or pruning is finished, deeply turn the soil outside the trench by 20 to 30 cm. Tillage with weeding should be done to a depth of 10 to 15 cm. In spring, till shallowly near the tree base, and in addition to shallow tilling near the tree base in June to July, weeding should also be carried out.
5. Fertilization Management
Fertilization for young kiwifruit trees should be done in small amounts multiple times, with thin applications frequent. It is best to use compost, digging shallow trenches at a certain distance from the roots and covering the soil after application. Apply fertilizer 3 times a year and top-dress 2 times. The first top-dressing is done during the seedling germination period, with 4 pounds of NPK compound fertilizer applied per plant. The second top-dressing is done during the seedling growth period, applying compound fertilizer according to the growth status of the seedlings. After fruit harvesting, apply 40 pounds of organic fertilizer and 3 pounds of phosphorus fertilizer.
6. Water Management
Since kiwifruit root systems are relatively shallow, both overly dry and overly wet soil are not conducive to plant growth. Kiwifruit prefers moist soil. In hot and dry summer weather, if the soil is too dry, leaves can easily wither and wilt, and new shoots may stop growing due to lack of water. Therefore, water management for kiwifruit is essential. Irrigation should be carried out when the soil is dry, keeping the soil moist but not soggy.
Are you familiar with the introduction of the type of soil suitable for kiwifruit and the detailed description of kiwifruit cultivation techniques mentioned above?