How Beginners Can Plant Grapes
Let's learn together about the knowledge of how beginners plant grapes and the related knowledge of grape cultivation and management.
Grapes are the most common and famous fruits originally from Western Asia, and are one of the oldest tree species ever discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which helps pregnant women calm the fetus and stop vomiting. Next, I will introduce the grape planting management techniques to you.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures and will germinate when the temperature reaches above 10 degrees, so they are usually planted in spring. The most suitable temperature range for the growth of new shoots is between 20-30 degrees, and the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees during the fruit ripening period. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growing period will affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy sunlight, and adequate light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring plant quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight for more than 14 hours, and not less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and yield in the following year.
3. Water
Grapes have different water requirements during different growth periods; during the germination period, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering period, humidity should reach 50%, or else it will lead to flower and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening period, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality. Also, drainage should be paid attention to during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loam, or clay, grapes can grow. It is best to control the soil pH between 6-7.5 and choose sandy soil with high terrain, good drainage, and loose soil texture for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth periods have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted according to the fertility or poverty of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, medium-stage can add microelements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the content of nitrogen fertilizer.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing unnecessary buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Remove unnecessary buds as early as possible, during the germination period, to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, prepare to determine the main branches, adjusting according to the growth of the variety. It is necessary to pinch the growing tips in the early flowering stage to minimize nutrient loss, increase the fruit-setting rate, and retain the corresponding inflorescences according to the yield ratio. In addition, after harvesting the fruit, remove the old, weak, and diseased leaves to reduce nutrient loss, improve the lighting conditions of the plant, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags, prune before bagging, remove diseased and malformed fruit, spray some fungicides, and then tie the bag tightly with wire. Prepare to remove the bags half a month before the fruit ripens, first opening the paper bag and then removing it after a week.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of preventing and treating diseases is to detect and treat early. It is necessary to observe the growth of grapes frequently. When some plants are found to be infected with diseases, they should be treated in time. Upon discovering these diseases, immediately cut off the infected branches and leaves, burn them to avoid further infection, and then spray the fruit trees with effective drugs such as Bordeaux mixture and carbendazim. At the same time, it is necessary to improve the growth environment of the plants, including ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above () introduces to you the complete content of how beginners plant grapes and the cultivation and management of grapes. Have green plant enthusiasts understood?