How to Plant Grapes
Today's experience sharing: Detailed explanation of how to plant grapes and the planting and management techniques of green plants and flowers, the following is an introduction for you
Grapes are one of the most common and famous fruits originally from Western Asia, and are one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes can not only be eaten fresh but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which is beneficial for pregnant women to calm the fetus and stop vomiting. Next, let's introduce the grape planting and management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures and will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growing period can affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes love light, and sufficient light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring plant quality. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight for more than 14 hours, and it should not be less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be detrimental to flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and yield in the following year.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements; during the germination stage, the humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, the humidity should be 50%, otherwise, it will lead to blossom and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, the humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality; also, drainage should be considered during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loam, or clay, grapes can grow. It is best to keep the soil pH between 6-7.5 and choose a high terrain with good drainage and loose sandy soil for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted based on the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the nitrogen content should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the nitrogen content.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing unnecessary buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Removing unnecessary buds should be done early, during the germination period, to reduce nutrient loss; when the fruiting branches can be identified, preparations for determining the main branches should be made, which should be adjusted according to the growth habits of the variety; pinching the growing tips should be done before flowering to minimize nutrient loss and improve fruit setting rate. Also, according to the yield ratio, the appropriate number of inflorescences should be retained; after harvesting the fruit, the old, weak, and diseased leaves should be pruned to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions for the plant, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Appropriate specialized paper bags should be chosen, and pruning should be done before bagging, removing diseased, weak, and deformed fruits, and then applying some fungicides before securing the bags with wire. The bags should be opened about half a month before the fruit ripens, with the paper bags first opened and then removed after a week.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of preventing and treating diseases is to detect and treat early. It is important to observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when disease is detected in some plants, it should be treated promptly. Upon discovering these diseases, the infected branches and leaves should be cut and burned to prevent further infection, followed by the application of effective drugs such as Bordeaux mixture and carbendazim. It is also necessary to improve the plant's growth environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The detailed explanation of how to plant grapes and the planting and management techniques shared above is for reference and suggestion only!