How to Plant Grapes
Let's talk about how to plant grapes and the related knowledge of green plants in terms of grape cultivation and management techniques. Let's get to know more about it together.
Grapes are the most common and famous fruit originally from Western Asia. They are one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used in medicine, providing a calming effect for pregnant women. Next, I will introduce the grape cultivation management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures. They will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is between 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growing period can affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy sunlight. Sufficient light can promote photosynthesis in the plants and ensure plant quality. The daily sunlight time should reach 14 hours or more, and should not be less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and yield for the following year.
3. Water
The water requirements of grapes vary at different growth stages. During the germination period, the humidity should be maintained at 60%-80%; during the flowering period, the humidity should be at 50%, otherwise it will lead to flower and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening period, the humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality. Moreover, attention should be paid to drainage during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes have low soil requirements and strong adaptability. They can grow in sandy, loamy, or clayey soils. It is best to keep the soil pH between 6-7.5 and choose well-drained, loose sandy loam soil for planting grapes on higher ground.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should be adjusted according to the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the nitrogen content should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the nitrogen content.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing excess buds, pinching off the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Removing excess buds should be done early, during the germination period, to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, preparations should be made for determining the main branches, which should be adjusted according to the growth habits of the variety. Pinching off the growing tips should be done in the early flowering stage to minimize nutrient loss and improve fruit setting rate. Also, the number of inflorescences should be retained according to the yield ratio. After harvesting the fruit, old, weak, and diseased leaves should be cut to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Choose a suitable specialized paper bag, and before bagging, pruning should be done to remove diseased, weak, and malformed fruit, and then some fungicides should be sprayed before securing the bag with wire. Bag removal should be prepared a month before the fruit ripens, by first opening the paper bag and then removing it after a week.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of disease prevention and treatment is to detect and treat early. Regularly observe the growth of grapes, and when some plants are found to be infected, timely prevention and treatment should be carried out. Upon detecting these diseases, immediately cut and burn the infected branches and leaves to prevent further infection, then spray effective fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture and carbendazim on the fruit trees, while also improving the growing environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above is [] specific content about how to plant grapes and the key points of grape cultivation and management techniques, and reproduction is prohibited without permission!