What are the medicinal values of holly trees?
Let's learn about the medicinal value of holly and the knowledge content of flowers and plants that explains the medicinal effects of holly.
Information on Ilex leaves-Evergreen trees of the genus Ilex have an ovoid crown and smooth and grayish blue bark. Branchlets are light green. The leaves are alternate, long oval, thin grassy, with sparsely lightly serrated edges, and the surface is dark green and shiny. The flowers are solitary, dioecious, arranged in cymes and inserted into leaf axils at the tips of branches; the flowers are light purplish red and fragrant. The drupe is oval in shape, dark red when ripe, and does not fall through winter. The flowering period is May, and the fruit ripe period is October to November.
Wintergreen leaves describe their properties and stability in detail: Wintergreen oil is colorless or light yellow liquid; it has a special aroma, sweet and spicy taste. It is slightly soluble in water and ethanol, and can be mixed with volatile oils and fatty oils at will. It needs to be closed and stored in light.
Ilex leaves describe their medicinal effects in detail: topical redness. It has a local stimulating effect and can promote local blood circulation. External application or local application can produce stimulating reactions such as skin blood vessel dilation and redness of the skin, and reflexively affect the skin, muscles, nerves and joints of the corresponding parts, thereby reducing swelling, reducing inflammation and alleviating pain, and also relieving itching.
Holly belongs to deciduous shrubs and is 1 to 3 meters tall. Born in hillside thickets. The branchlets have fine hair. Leaves alternate; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate, 2 - 4 cm long, with hair on both sides. Blooming in early summer; several flowers are clustered in leaf axils, lavender or white. Drupe globose, red when mature.
The effects of flavonoid glycosides, the effective ingredient of wintergreen, are: (1) dilate coronary arteries, increase blood flow, and improve myocardial nutrition;(2) reduce myocardial oxygen consumption;(3) directly act on peripheral vascular smooth muscles, causing blood vessels to dilate and lowering blood pressure. Can relieve vasoconstriction caused by norepinephrine or vasopressin.
Antibacterial effect of holly leaves: Preliminary tests have shown that they have antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Shigella flexneri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Antitussive and expectorant effects of Ilex leaves: The water decoction of Ilex pubescens root has an antitussive effect on coughing caused by sulfur dioxide in mice. It has been proved to have expectorant effects by the mouse phenol red method. Clinically, it is used to treat coronary atherosclerosis heart disease, cerebral thrombosis, thromboangitis obliterans, central retinitis, and uveitis. Kudingcha is the Ilex macrophyllum of the Ilex family. It contains caffeine, tea polyphenols, catechins, amino acids and other ingredients and a variety of medicinal substances. According to the "Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine":"The leaves of Ilex macrophylla contain ursolic acid, β-amoleol, humoral alcohol, danaxyl alcohol, arbutol and β-sitosteol. "It has significant curative effects on constipation, abdominal pain, toothache, colds, fever, pharyngitis, periodontitis, etc. Boiling water and washing can treat a variety of skin diseases. Drinking it regularly can lower blood pressure, lower blood lipids, lose weight, prevent cancer, and beauty.
Wintergreen leaves are serrated or prickly. Wintergreen leaves have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, which can condition greasy, unclean and inflamed skin; boost spirit, increase enthusiasm and dedication, and increase ambition; Wintergreen essential oil is easily absorbed through the skin and is very effective in alleviating joint soreness and swelling or relieving muscle soreness. It is often used to relieve pain and rheumatism of arthritis, and can also relieve or prevent muscle sprain. Since the main ingredient contained is methyl salicylate, massage can promote local blood circulation, but it has a local irritating effect and is not suitable for use on the face. Pay attention to dilution. Many aromatic products that use low doses use "METHYLSALICYLATE" to represent wintergreen oil. In fact, this is not the correct way to express wintergreen essential oil. This is the English name of methyl salicylate. So why is this name translated into wintergreen oil? In fact, in the field of application, methyl salicylate is also commonly known as wintergreen oil. It is the main component of wintergreen leaf distilled oil. The scientific name of methyl salicylate is methyl o-hydroxybenzoate, which is a colorless or red oily liquid. It is mainly used as a fragrance for daily use and cosmetics.
Esters, whether synthetic or natural, are widely used as condiments and spices. One of the most useful features of synthetic organic chemistry is the ability of modern chemists to replicate almost all esters found in nature. But one natural ester in nature is methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen), which is found in the bark of sweet birch (Betula lanssylla). Methyl salicylate was first proposed from the wintergreen plant Gautheria in 1843. Shortly thereafter, this compound was discovered to have analgesic and antipyretic properties, and its properties are almost equivalent to salicylic acid when taken orally.
The properties of this drug are likely due to the fact that methyl salicylate readily hydrolyzes to salicylic acid under the alkaline conditions present in the intestine. We already know that salicylic acid has this analgesic and antipyretic properties. Methyl salicylate can be taken orally or absorbed through the skin. Therefore, it is very useful in making liniment. When applied to the skin, it causes a slight burning and calming feeling, which may be caused by the action of its phenolic hydroxyl group. This ester also has a pleasant smell, so it is used as a flavoring element in a small range.
After comparing and studying wintergreen oil produced in different regions in our aroma laboratory, we found that the content of methyl salicylate in wintergreen oil is more than 90% regardless of its planting method or planting location. Therefore, people are accustomed to using it to call it methyl ester wintergreen oil. It seems that it is not unreasonable.[Name of Essential Oil] Wintergreen essential oil [Physical Characteristics] colorless to light yellow liquid, which will turn dark brown when exposed to iron, and has the special smell of herb.
[Fragrance] It has the aroma of natural wintergreen;[Component Formula] OHC6H4COOCH3 [Component>[Melting Point]-8.6℃ [Boiling Point] 220-224℃ [Relative Density] 20/20℃, 1.180-1.189;[Refractive Index] 20℃, 1.534-1.538;[Rotation] 20℃,+0.5 degrees-- -1 degrees;[Pharmacology and toxicology] Contains volatile oil, the main ingredient of which is methyl salicylate 96%-99%[Indication] Used for acute arthralgia, lumbago, muscle pain, and neuralgia [Usage and dosage] Externally, apply locally to the affected area, appropriate amount, 1-3 times a day [Precautions] The local application time should not be too long, generally limited to redness of the skin, otherwise blisters or ulceration may occur.[Adaptability] Mainly used in medicine, toothpaste,[Pharmacology and application] External redness agents such as wind driving oil and edible sand-type, cola-type flavors can promote local blood circulation and can be used for muscle pain, arthralgia and neuralgia.[Methyl salicylate content] is more than 98%; The above-mentioned introduction of the medicinal value of holly tree and the method to explain the role of holly tree medicine is a reference and suggestion.