How to Treat White Rot Disease in Grapes
Answering netizens' questions about how to treat white rot disease in grapes and the best treatment methods for grape white rot disease, related to flower cultivation topics, please see the detailed introduction below.
“Full basket of round and smooth grape pearls, sweet and fragrant as ice jade cold. If the literary garden knows this taste, the dew should not beg for a golden plate.” This is a line from a poem about grapes by the Yuan Dynasty poet Zheng Yun Duan. Indeed, grapes have a round and lovely appearance, are sweet and sour, and can help with digestion, strengthen the spleen, and prevent cardiovascular diseases, making them loved by many. Grapes have a long history and are one of the oldest fruit tree species in the world, now widely cultivated. However, when grapes are affected by a common disease - white rot, it can lead to a decrease in grape yield, causing losses for growers. So, how to prevent and treat this disease effectively? Let's take a specific look.
One, Factors of Incidence
The pathogen of white rot is called a half-known fungus. When grapes are pruned or in extreme weather conditions or pest infestations, plants may have gaps, giving the pathogen an opportunity to invade. Especially after extreme weather, when the leaves and stems of the plant are extensively damaged, white rot disease becomes more common. This disease is closely related to the growth process of grapes, and it becomes more severe when grapes enter the coloring and ripening stages.
Two, Characteristics of Incidence
White rot is easily triggered in high temperature and humidity. In summer, abundant rainfall and high temperatures can lead to relative humidity reaching 95% after heavy rain, which is the most suitable season for the spread of white rot. The week after the rain is the peak period for white rot disease, especially after heavy storms. The infection track of the pathogen is soil → rain splash → fruit cluster → fruit, and factors such as poor management, timely drainage, and weeding, unreasonable layout of grape trellises, and disordered vines can lead to the prevalence of white rot.
Three, Symptoms of the Disease
The pathogen first invades the fruit stem and cluster, causing round light brown spots on the surface that appear waterlogged, then the spot color deepens and rots, spreading to the fruit berries with the same symptoms. In the later stage of the disease, the affected fruit stems, clusters, and berries will show grayish-white small particles, which are the carriers of the pathogen called conidiomata. When the temperature and humidity are suitable, the pathogen will overflow and spread to other plants. Affected berries easily fall off after rotting and shrink to form brown or grayish-white mummies.
Four, Preventive Measures
When dealing with white rot, it is not only necessary to treat but also to prevent, meaning to treat the affected plants and prevent healthy plants from being infected by diseased ones. Combining prevention and treatment can minimize losses and is the best treatment method. Let's see how to prevent and treat effectively.
1. Field Management
(1) Increase the use of organic fertilizers, which can optimize soil structure, improve soil fertility, and enhance the plant's resistance to diseases and pests.
(2) Raise the fruiting position, use trellis planting, and increase the height of the fruiting position to at least 40 centimeters to effectively reduce the spread and infection of the pathogen.
(3) Thin flowers and fruits in the vineyard, prune in a timely manner, adjust the fruit load on the plant to a reasonable level.
(4) Implement refined management, including timely topping, weeding, and drainage, as well as refined operations for fertilizing, tying vines, and removing suckers.
(5) Pay attention to field cleanliness, maintain a clean environment during the growing period, and remove and destroy affected stems, leaves, clusters, and berries to effectively reduce pathogen transmission.
2. Drug Treatment
(1) Non-polluting prevention, use medication at the early stage of the disease, spray fungicides every 5-7 days, dilute the medication, and the severity of the disease determines the number of sprays. When the disease is severe, prepare a potion by mixing 15 milligrams of garlic oil in 30 pounds of water and spray it on the plants every 3 days, for 2-3 consecutive times.
(2) For orchards with severe disease, disinfect the soil before the disease outbreak. Use a 50% Fumigation Double Powder mixed with sulfur powder and calcium carbonate in a 1:1 ratio and sprinkle it on the orchard soil.
(3) Use drugs in a timely manner during the growing period, spray protective agents mainly before and after flowering, using a Bordeaux mixture of 1:0.75:200. It is important to start spraying one week before the peak period of the disease, which can significantly reduce the incidence of grape disease. After this, apply drugs according to the disease severity and weather, spray every 7-15 days. Start spraying at the initial stage of the disease, generally starting in mid-June, spray every 7-10 days, 3-5 times, stop 15 days before harvesting, and pay attention to re-spraying after heavy rain.
The above introduction on how to treat white rot disease in grapes and the best treatment methods for grape white rot disease is a comprehensive introduction, hoping to provide green enthusiasts with some knowledge about green plants.