How to Plant Grapes
For the netizens who are concerned, we will elaborate on how to plant grapes and the related content of grape cultivation and management techniques in the field of green plants. Let's follow the editor to see the specific details!
Grapes are the most common and famous species originally from Western Asia and are one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes are not only edible but can also be made into raisins and wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which has the effect of calming the fetus and stopping vomiting for pregnant women. Next, let's introduce the grape planting and management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures. When the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, they will germinate, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is 20-30 degrees Celsius, and during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growth period will affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes love light. Sufficient light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring the quality of the vines. It is necessary to maintain daily sunlight for more than 14 hours and not less than 12 hours, otherwise, it will be unfavorable for flower bud differentiation and will also affect fruit quality and the yield of fruits in the following year.
3. Water
The requirement for water varies at different stages of grape growth. During the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, otherwise, it will lead to flower and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot and affect fruit quality. Additionally, drainage should be paid attention to during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes have low requirements for soil and a high adaptability. Whether it is sandy soil, loamy soil, or clay, grapes can grow. It is best to control the soil pH between 6-7.5. It is recommended to plant grapes in sandy soil that is high in elevation, has good drainage, and is loose in texture.
5. Fertilization
The demand for fertilizer varies at different growth stages, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted according to the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the content of nitrogen fertilizer should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruit-setting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the content of nitrogen fertilizers.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing excess buds, pinching the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Remove excess weak buds as early as possible during the germination stage to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, prepare to determine the main branches, which should be adjusted according to the growth habits of the variety. Before flowering, it is necessary to pinch the growing tips to minimize nutrient loss, increase the fruit-setting rate, and retain the corresponding inflorescences according to the yield ratio. After harvesting the fruit, cut off the old, weak, and diseased leaves to reduce nutrient loss, improve the lighting conditions of the plant, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after the fruit has set. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags and prune first before bagging, removing diseased, weak, and deformed fruits and then spraying some fungicides before securing the bags with wire. Prepare to remove the bags a month before the fruit ripens, first opening the bags and then removing them after a week.
8. Diseases
Anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew are the main diseases of grapes. The principle of disease prevention and treatment is to detect and treat early. It is necessary to observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when some plants are found to be infected, they should be treated promptly. Upon detecting these diseases, infected branches and leaves should be cut and burned to prevent further infection, followed by spraying effective fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture or carbendazim. At the same time, the growth environment of the plants should be improved, including ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above details on how to plant grapes and the detailed explanation of grape cultivation and management techniques introduced to you, hoping this article can bring you some help in green plant management!