How to Plant Grapes
About the knowledge of how to plant grapes and the details of new grape cultivation management techniques, the site editor will introduce to netizens next.
Grapes are the most common and famous fruit native to Western Asia, and one of the oldest tree species discovered. Grapes can not only be eaten fresh but also dried into raisins or made into wine. Moreover, their roots and vines can be used as medicine, which has a calming effect on pregnant women. Next, let's introduce the grape planting management techniques.
1. Temperature
Grapes prefer warm temperatures and will germinate when the temperature reaches 10 degrees Celsius, so they are usually planted in spring. The optimal temperature range for the growth of new shoots is between 20-30 degrees Celsius; during the fruit ripening period, the temperature should be maintained between 20-32 degrees Celsius. Low temperatures or insufficient accumulated temperature during the growing period will affect the sugar content of the fruit.
2. Light
Grapes enjoy sunlight, and adequate light can promote photosynthesis in the plants, ensuring their quality. The daily sunlight time should reach at least 14 hours, and not less than 12 hours, otherwise it will be detrimental to the differentiation of flower buds and will also affect fruit quality and next year's fruit yield.
3. Water
Different growth stages of grapes have different water requirements; during the germination stage, humidity should reach 60%-80%; during the flowering stage, humidity should be 50%, otherwise it will lead to flower and fruit drop; during the fruit ripening stage, humidity should be controlled between 55%-70%. Excessive humidity can cause fruit rot, affecting fruit quality. Moreover, drainage should be considered during the rainy season.
4. Soil
Grapes do not have high requirements for soil and have strong adaptability. Whether it's sandy soil, loam, or clay, grapes can grow. It is best to keep the soil pH between 6-7.5, and it's preferable to choose well-drained, loose sandy soil for planting grapes.
5. Fertilization
Different growth stages have different fertilizer requirements, and the amount of fertilizer should also be adjusted based on the fertility or infertility of the soil. In the early growth stage, the nitrogen content should be increased, in the middle stage, trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc, and manganese can be added, and in the fruiting stage, the content of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be increased while reducing the nitrogen content.
6. Pruning
Pruning includes removing unnecessary buds, pinching off the growing tips, and determining the main branches. Removing unnecessary buds should be done early, during the germination stage to reduce nutrient loss. When the fruiting branches can be identified, prepare to determine the main branches, adjusting according to the growth of the variety. Pinching off the growing tips should be done before flowering to minimize nutrient loss and improve fruit set. Also, after harvesting the fruit, remove old, weak, and diseased leaves to reduce nutrient loss, improve lighting conditions, and promote fruiting in the following year.
7. Bagging
Bagging should be done after fruit setting. Choose the appropriate specialized paper bags, and before bagging, prune the plant, remove diseased, weak, and malformed fruits, and spray some fungicides. Then secure the bags with wire. Half a month before the fruit ripens, prepare to remove the bags by first opening them and then removing them after a week.
8. Diseases
Main diseases of grapes include anthracnose, white rot, and downy mildew. The principle of disease control is to detect and treat early. Observe the growth of grapes frequently, and when a plant is infected, treat it promptly. When these diseases are detected, immediately cut off and burn the infected branches and leaves to prevent further infection. Then spray the fruit trees with effective fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture or carbendazim, and improve the growing environment by enhancing ventilation, drainage, and lighting conditions.
The above introduction on how to plant grapes and the detailed explanation of new grape cultivation management techniques are provided for netizens' reference.