How to Manage Summer Black Grapes
Today, I will provide a detailed explanation of how to manage Summer Black grapes and some gardening tips for managing these grapevines. Let's take a look together!
Both young and mature Summer Black grapevines require proper water and fertilizer management, applying thin fertilization frequently, with top dressing continuing until September. Watering should be based on the moisture condition of the soil, with less or no watering during cloudy and rainy weather. After the vines have spread out, make corrections, remove unnecessary and weak branches, and properly adjust the fruit clusters to improve the yield and quality of the grapes. It is also important to prevent and control pests in a timely manner to avoid damage to the vines. Let's delve into the details together.
One, Management of Young Trees
1. Water and Fertilizer Management
Fertilization should be thin and frequent. Top dressing can start when the vines have 8 leaves, with an interval of 10-15 days between applications. Before August, mainly apply fast-acting nitrogen fertilizers, and from April to May, you can use a 0.5% solution of calcium cyanamide or 0.3% urea. From June to July, apply a 0.3%-0.5% compound fertilizer, and after August, mainly apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, with top dressing continuing until September. After fruit harvest, apply a nutrient-rich fertilizer to restore the tree's vigor. Summer Black grapes can be watered generously before germination and after freezing, with small amounts of water before flowering and during the fruit expansion period. At other times, water based on the soil's moisture condition, with less or no watering during cloudy and rainy weather.
2. Tying Vines and Pruning
Plant vertical cement poles, and when the new shoots reach 50-60 cm, wrap the vines around the poles, promptly remove tendrils, and pinch the top. Make slight adjustments to the branches and leaves to ensure the young trees have enough nutrients for strong growth.
3. Disease Control
Black spot and downy mildew are common. After the vines have extended 3 true leaves, apply fungicides appropriately, and when pests are found, apply pesticides promptly. Maintaining good ventilation can reduce disease issues.
Two, Management of Mature Trees
1. Fertilization and Watering
During the rainy season, dig ditches early to facilitate the removal of accumulated water. During the high-temperature drought in July and August, water appropriately to supplement moisture. Remove weeds from the garden at any time, preferably by hand. After each harvest and after the leaves fall, deeply turn the soil in the garden and apply a base fertilizer to restore the tree's vigor.
2. Pruning
When new shoots have 4-5 true leaves, remove suckers. Prune dense branches and leaves on the grape trellis to increase light penetration and ventilation. Pinch the top repeatedly before flowering and tie the vines in time to keep the trellis neat.
3. Flower and Fruit Management
Remove fruit clusters from weak fruiting branches. Cut off weak and pest-infested bunches. Thin the flower clusters by removing the top 1/5-1/4 of the spike, leaving 70-80 berries per cluster. After setting the clusters, adjust the fruit again based on the later growth. Applying gibberellin at 25 mg/L before physiological fruit drop can help preserve the fruit.
The above introduction on how to manage Summer Black grapes and detailed management methods are provided for your reference.