When can corn in the Northeast mature and be harvested?
The editor introduces the related content of when the corn in the Northeast can mature and be harvested in terms of green plants, as follows:
As a major corn producing area in China, the maturity period of corn in the Northeast directly affects the harvesting arrangements of farmers and the market rhythm. This article will deeply analyze the growth cycle of corn in the Northeast, the standards for maturity judgment, and the best harvesting time nodes, to help farmers scientifically grasp the farming time and ensure that the yield and quality of corn reach the optimal level.
### One, Growth Cycle and Key Stages of Northeast CornNortheast corn usually requires 110-150 days from sowing to maturity, with significant differences depending on the different temperature zones:1. Early maturing varieties (accumulated temperature 2000-2200℃): Growth period of 110-120 days, represented by varieties such as Demeiya 1, etc.2. Early mid-season varieties (accumulated temperature 2300-2500℃): Growth period of 120-130 days, such as Xianyu 335.3. Mid-late maturing varieties (accumulated temperature 2600-2800℃): Growth period of 130-150 days, including Zhengdan 958, etc.Key growth stage schedule:- Sowing period: Late April to mid-May (10cm ground temperature stable at 8℃)- Seedling emergence period: 7-10 days after sowing- Jointing period: Mid to late June- Tassel emergence period: Mid-July to early August- Filling period: Early August to early September- Maturing period: Mid-September to early October
### Two, Maturity Time Differences in Different RegionsDue to climatic differences, the maturity period in the three provinces of the Northeast has a clear gradient:1. Heilongjiang Province: - Northern temperature zone (Heihe, Yichun): September 15-25 - Central region (Suihua, Harbin): September 25 to October 5 - Southern region (Mudanjiang, Daqing): September 20-302. Jilin Province: - Western Baicheng, Songyuan: September 20-30 - Central Changchun, Siping: September 25 to October 5 - Eastern Yanbian region: October 1-103. Liaoning Province: - Northern Tieling, Fushun: September 25 to October 5 - Central Shenyang, Liaoyang: September 20-30 - Southern Dalian, Yingkou: September 15-25
### Three, Five Key Indicators for Scientifically Judging Corn Maturity1. Physiological maturity signs: - Milky line disappears: The milky line at the base of the kernel completely disappears - Black layer formation: A distinct black layer appears at the tip of the kernel - Moisture content: Reduced to 28-32% range2. Plant appearance characteristics: - Husk turns yellow: The husk of the ear appears dry yellow and loose - Stem and leaf condition: The lower 3-4 leaves of the plant turn yellow, the upper leaves are yellow-green - Kernel hardness: No indentation when pressing the kernel with a fingernail3. Calculation method of accumulated temperature: - Effective accumulated temperature = Daily average temperature - 10℃ (biological zero) - Calculation formula: ∑(T daily average - 10℃) - Late maturing varieties require 1300-1400℃ of effective accumulated temperature
### Four, Best Harvest Time Window and Precautions1. Golden period for mechanical grain harvesting: - When the kernel moisture is 18-22% - Heilongjiang: October 1-15 - Jilin: September 25 to October 10 - Liaoning: September 20 to October 52. Manual harvesting suggestions: - When the active accumulated temperature reaches 95% of the variety requirements - Avoid consecutive rainy days (mold risk increases by 5-8 times) - Best time of day: 9:00-16:00 (after dew evaporation)3. Late harvesting technology for increasing yield: - Every delay in harvesting by 1 day increases the thousand-grain weight by 3-5 grams - It is recommended to delay until 5-7 days after the killing frost (yield increase of 5-8%) - Need to monitor the lodging situation in the field (stem breakage rate <3%)
### Five, Impact of Meteorological Factors on Maturation Period1. Impact of temperature anomalies: - Continuous low temperature (daily average temperature <16℃): Maturation delayed by 7-10 days - Autumn frost (<-2℃): Thousand-grain weight decreases by 10-15%2. Response to precipitation changes: - Dryness in August (precipitation <100mm): Filling period shortened by 5-7 days - Rainy in September (>150mm): Maturation delayed and quality reduced3. Suggestions for coping with extreme weather: - When the first frost is early: Spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.3% concentration) to promote early maturity - Continuous rainy days: Harvest in a hurry and dry promptly (temperature ≤45℃)
### Six, Key Points of Scientific Management After Harvest1. Different moisture corn treatment plan: - Moisture >25%: Dry immediately to 14% safe moisture - Moisture 18-25%: Ventilated storage (wind speed 0.3m³/s·t) - Moisture <18%: Can be directly stored (temperature <20℃)2. Pest control in storage: - Aluminum phosphide fumigation: 3g/m³ sealed for 5 days - 95% insect-proof net barrier: Mesh number ≥60Mastering the scientific method of judging the maturity period of corn in the Northeast, and choosing the best harvesting time according to local climate characteristics, can not only improve the commodity grade of corn but also achieve yield and income increase. It is recommended that farmers start regular field inspections in mid-September, use methods such as observing the milky line and checking the black layer after physiological maturity, and harvest in time to maximize planting benefits.
The detailed explanation shared above on when corn in the Northeast can mature and be harvested is for reference and suggestion only!