As a common fruit tree, grapes are widely planted in our country and are a very important economic crop. In the process of grape growth, pruning branches is an essential link, which directly affects the yield and quality of grapes. However, many people are not familiar with the methods of pruning grape branches and do not know how to prune correctly. This article will introduce you to the methods and techniques of pruning grape branches in detail, so that your grapes can grow more vigorously and their quality can be improved.
Understand the pruning methods for different varieties
Different grape varieties have different growth habits and fruit shapes, so different methods need to be used for pruning. For example: the pruning time of early-maturing varieties should be earlier than that of late-maturing varieties, and varieties with a large number of fruits should be pruned using the short-cut method.
Distinguish between new shoots and old branches
When pruning grape branches, you first need to distinguish which are new shoots and which are old branches. Generally speaking, new shoots refer to the branches that grew in the current year, which are relatively tender green in color, while old branches refer to branches that have grown for one or more years, and their color will be darker.
Remove diseased and pest-infested branches
When pruning, you need to pay special attention to whether there are diseased or pest-infested branches, and they should be removed promptly if found. Diseased and pest-infested branches have a negative impact on the growth and fruit quality of grapes. Timely removal can prevent the spread of diseases and problems such as fruit deformation.
Pay attention to retaining dormant buds
When pruning, it is important to retain some dormant buds. Dormant buds are the buds that will grow in the upcoming growing season. If they are all pruned off, it will affect the growth of new shoots and the quality of the fruit.
Adopt different pruning methods
Adopting different pruning methods according to different growth stages and variety characteristics can achieve better results. For example: some varieties need to be pruned using the long-rod maintenance method, while others need to be pruned using the long-bow method.
Pay attention to the angle and length of pruning
When pruning, you need to pay attention to the angle and length of the branch pruning. Generally speaking, the pruning angle should be between 30 and 60 degrees, and the pruning length should be determined according to the thickness of the branch and the characteristics of the variety.
Application of the short-cut method
The short-cut method refers to shortening the branch directly to 1-3 buds. This method is suitable for varieties with a large number of fruits. When using the short-cut method, some dormant buds need to be retained to ensure the growth and fruit quality of the following year.
Application of the long-cut method
The long-cut method refers to pruning the branch to 4-6 buds, which is suitable for varieties with a small number of fruits. When using the long-cut method, it is necessary to retain some dormant buds and fruit-bearing branches to ensure the growth and fruit quality of the following year.
Pay attention to preventing leaf damage
When pruning, you need to pay attention to preventing leaf damage. If the leaves are severely damaged, it will affect the photosynthesis and water absorption of the grapes, thus affecting the quality and quantity of the fruit.
Appropriate shaping pruning
Shaping pruning refers to shaping the canopy into a more aesthetically pleasing form, which is suitable for grapes that need to have their tree shape beautified. When performing shaping pruning, it is important not to over-prune to avoid affecting the normal growth and fruit quality of the grapes.
Pay attention to fertilizing and watering
Grapes need appropriate fertilization and watering after pruning. Fertilization can improve the nutritional level of grapes by adding organic and inorganic fertilizers, while watering can ensure the growth needs of the grapes.
Timely handling of diseases
During the growth process of grapes, they are susceptible to various diseases. Once a disease is found, it needs to be dealt with promptly to ensure the normal growth and fruit quality of the grapes.
Improve pruning skills
When pruning grape branches, it is necessary to continuously improve your skill level. You can improve your pruning skills by attending training classes and consulting with experts.
Regularly check the pruning effect
After pruning, it is necessary to regularly check the pruning effect. Promptly identifying and dealing with problems can avoid some unnecessary trouble and losses.
Pruning grape branches is an essential part of the grape growth process. Through reasonable pruning methods and techniques, the yield and quality of grapes can be improved. When pruning, it is necessary to pay attention to the characteristics and growth habits of different varieties, adopt different pruning methods to achieve better results. At the same time, attention should also be paid to fertilization, watering, and disease prevention to ensure the normal growth and fruit quality of the grapes.