When to Graft Cacti
Cacti, as a delightful ornamental plant among succulents, grafting is an important method for its rapid shaping. Mastering the correct grafting technique not only improves the survival rate but also cultivates uniquely shaped plants. This article will systematically analyze the golden period and operational essentials of grafting cacti, helping you easily master this horticultural skill.
I. The Best Time for Grafting Cacti
1.1 Seasonal Selection Criteria
The most suitable time for grafting cacti is in spring and autumn: from March to May during the warming period and from October to November when the weather is clear and cool. At this time, the daily average temperature is stable between 18-25°C, and the air humidity is maintained at 50%-70%, which avoids the decay of the cut surface and promotes the formation of callus tissue.
1.2 Key Points to Avoid Unfavorable Weather
High temperatures in summer above 35°C can cause the scion to dehydrate, while temperatures below 10°C in winter can inhibit the connection of the vascular bundles. Experimental data shows that the survival rate of grafting in spring and autumn can reach over 85%, while in winter and summer it is only about 30%.
II. Detailed Explanation of Grafting Techniques for Cacti
2.1 Rootstock Preparation Standards
Select robust cacti with a diameter of ≥5cm or columnar rootstocks with a height of ≥20cm. Focus on checking if the growing points are full and the epidermis is free of worm-eaten spots. It is recommended to apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in advance for two weeks to enhance resistance.
2.2 Scion Treatment Essentials
Select the top 2-4 semi-woody branches and retain 3-5 functional leaves. Use alcohol to disinfect the cutting tool, keep the incision at a 30° angle, and control the length between 2-3cm to increase the contact area.
2.3 Grafting Fixation Techniques
After cutting a V-shaped interface on the rootstock, quickly insert the scion and rotate it 1/4 turn to align the cambium layers. Use cactus spines or disinfected toothpicks to fix it in a cross shape. When bagging for moisture retention, be sure to leave a ventilation hole to avoid waterlogging and rotting of the buds.
III. Post-Grafting Maintenance and Management
Avoid direct sunlight for 7 days after the operation and maintain scattered light in the environment. Gradually remove the fasteners after 15 days, and after new buds sprout, supplement diluted decomposed liquid fertilizer monthly. Through scientific management, the grafted seedlings can form an ornamental plant shape within the year.