What Season is Best for Planting Sesame
Today's sharing: the best season for planting sesame and the experience of green plant maintenance during the planting time and growth period of sesame. Let's get to know together next.
Growing Environment and Characteristics of Sesame
1. Sesame's Growing Environment Needs
The environment for sesame growth is crucial, and the following is the suitable environment for its growth:
【1】 Climatic Conditions
Sesame is best suited to grow in a mild climate with abundant rainfall, with the most suitable growth temperature between 20-28℃, and rainfall between 800-1000mm/m2. If the climate is too cold or too dry, it will limit the growth of sesame.
【2】 Soil Conditions
Sesame is suitable for planting in soil with high organic matter content, good breathability, and good drainage. This is mainly because it is not salt-tolerant, and its growth effect is poor in severely salinized soil.
【3】 Light Conditions
Sesame is a photophilous plant, requiring sufficient sunlight during the early growth stage and flowering period to improve the photosynthetic efficiency and nutrient absorption efficiency of the crop.
【4】 Fertilization Conditions
Sesame requires sufficient nutrient elements during its growth period, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc. Therefore, when planting sesame, it is necessary to fertilize properly, using soil testing and crop diagnosis to apply organic and chemical fertilizers appropriately.
II. The Growth Cycle and Characteristics of Sesame
The growth cycle of sesame is usually about 90-110 days, with the following characteristics:
Sprouting Stage
Under suitable temperature conditions, sesame seeds generally germinate within 7-14 days and start to grow upwards.
Growth Period
During the growth period, sesame needs to absorb nutrients fully and grow robustly, usually taking 30-50 days. During this period, attention should be paid to the irrigation, fertilization, and management of sesame to improve growth efficiency.
Flowering Period
After the growth period, sesame enters the maturity period, usually manifested by the swelling and drooping of the anthers, with a flowering period of about 20-25 days. During the flowering period, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of sesame diseases and pests, and ensure seed quality.
Fruit Setting Period
After entering the fruit setting period, the fruit of sesame gradually dries up and begins to harvest. During the fruit setting period, attention should be paid to fertilization management to ensure the yield and quality of sesame.
Preparation Before Planting Sesame
(一) Land Selection and Preparation
When selecting land, priority should be given to land with deep soil layers and good drainage, avoiding land that is barren, water-deficient, or poorly drained.
Also, since sesame loves light, it is necessary to choose land with sufficient sunlight.
At the same time, attention should be paid to the rotation relationship between sesame and crops such as spinach and chili peppers, to avoid simultaneous planting, so as not to cause cross-infection of diseases and pests and affect yield.
In terms of land preparation, it is first necessary to complete the tillage, loosening, and leveling of the land, and add an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer to improve soil fertility.
In addition, attention should be paid to the construction and construction of field drainage facilities to ensure the normal operation of the land's drainage capacity.
(二) Seed Selection and Seed Soaking Treatment
In terms of seed selection, varieties suitable for local climatic and soil conditions should be chosen. There are currently three common types on the market: long white sesame, black sesame, and red sesame. The selection should be based on actual needs. For example, long white sesame has a higher yield, while black sesame is more cold-tolerant.
In addition, hybrid varieties can also be considered to increase yield and disease resistance.
In terms of seed soaking treatment, a longer soaking method can be adopted.
Soak sesame seeds in water for more than 24 hours, and then take them out to dry after the seed coat breaks. This can effectively improve the germination rate and germination speed of sesame, as well as promote the growth and development of sesame seeds.
The Best Planting Time for Sesame
The best planting time for sesame varies depending on meteorological conditions, geographical location, and variety. There are suitable times for planting sesame in both spring and summer.
① Spring Planting Time
For spring planting of sesame, the best planting time is generally between the end of March and the beginning of April. At this time, the temperature is suitable, the soil moisture is moderate, and the climate and light conditions are relatively suitable for the growth and development of sesame.
Meanwhile, this timing can also avoid the high temperature and low temperature adverse factors during the growth process of sesame, which is also higher in growth stability.
In addition, the weather is relatively stable at this time, with sufficient rainfall, and it is easy for sesame to get enough irrigation water after planting.
What Season is Best for Planting Sesame
② Summer Planting Time
For summer planting of sesame, the best planting time is generally between the end of May and the beginning of June.
At this time, the light and temperature conditions are relatively stable, the growth rate of sesame is fast, the growth period is short, which is suitable for forming yield, early maturity, and multiple harvests.
In addition, the sesame planted at this time belongs to the peak period of effective accumulated temperature, with more rainfall, suitable temperature, and higher humidity, which is conducive to the germination and growth of sesame.
However, due to the high temperature in summer, attention should be paid to irrigation, heatstroke prevention and cooling measures, as well as the prevention and control of diseases and pests.
Sesame Planting Tips
1 | Planting Method
When planting sesame, it is first necessary to choose a suitable time. In the north, the best planting time is from late April to early May, while in the south, it can be slightly delayed.
Before planting, make sure to level the field, with a soil layer thickness of about 2.5 to 3 centimeters, and mix some tobacco ash, lime powder, and other nutrients into the soil to make the soil more fertile.
Then, use the furrow planting method for planting, with a furrow depth of about 2-3 centimeters depending on the size of the seeds, a row spacing of 50-60 centimeters, and a spacing of about 30 centimeters between plants.
2 | Planting Method
Sesame planting is also very important.
Only two roots can be left in each sesame plant, otherwise, the sesame will compete with each other for soil nutrients, which can lead to unhealthy growth of peanuts.
Before planting, weeds and other undesirable conditions should be removed, then adjust the planting density according to the actual situation, and finally adopt a certain marking method for planting.
3 | Fertilization
For the application of sesame fertilizer, attention should be paid to timely and adequate application.
When sesame is flowering and fruiting, it is necessary to apply organic fertilizer in time, and it is necessary to avoid excessive watering, as it can not only cause excessive sesame moisture but also affect the healthy growth of peanuts.
4 | Irrigation Management
Sesame irrigation management is also very important.
In dry weather, it is appropriate to increase the frequency of watering, while in humid conditions, it should maintain suitable humidity to prevent mildew.
While irrigating, a certain amount of mixed fertilizer can also be added to effectively improve the yield of peanuts.
5 | Disease and Pest Control
Sesame is susceptible to some diseases and pests during growth, so the prevention and control of diseases and pests is also very important.
While preventing diseases and pests, attention should also be paid to avoiding excessive fertilization, so as not to cause unhealthy growth of peanuts, affecting peanut quality and yield.
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