Home Vegetable Gardening - Common Diseases and Control of Chili Peppers
This article introduces the common diseases and control methods of chili peppers in fruit and vegetable gardening at home. Let's take a look together.
I. Chili Pepper Blight
Symptoms: It mainly affects the roots and stem bases, and can also harm the leaves, flowers, and fruits. In the seedling stage, the disease often starts from the bottom of the stem, causing watery rot and dark green lesions, and the upper part of the affected area will fall over. In the adult plant stage, the leaf lesions are dark green, and the expansion causes part or most of the leaf to become soft and rotten. The stem symptoms are similar to those of the leaves and are prone to breakage from the affected area. Fruit lesions are dark green and watery, rotting, and after drying, the lesions turn light brown and become withered.
Control Methods
1. Agricultural Control: Use disease-free new soil for seedlings or disinfect the bed soil, practice crop rotation to avoid planting with melons, eggplants, and other vegetables, and rotate with cruciferous and leguminous crops. Timely remove diseased plants and incinerate or bury them deeply.
2. Chemical Control: Applying chemicals before the rainy season can control and delay the onset of the disease. You can choose to spray 64% Virothiol wettable powder 300-400 times, 58% Ruidu Manganese Zinc wettable powder 1000-2000 times, every 5-7 days, for 2-3 times.
II. Chili Pepper (T-J) Disease
Symptoms: The leaves are initially infected with green, watery spots that gradually turn brown with a light gray center, and there is a circle of small black dots around the lesion. The top of the chili pepper plant may sometimes be affected, with deep brown, irregular sunken spots that crack when dry. Fruits (ripe fruits are more susceptible) initially have yellow-brown circular or irregular spots with raised patterns and many small black dots. When wet, the lesion surface oozes red sticky substances. The fruit lesions tend to shrink and become membranous, and some may crack.
Control Measures: Keep the drainage unobstructed, fertilize appropriately (especially nitrogen), avoid fruit damage, select disease-resistant varieties, and save seeds from disease-free plants (which can be rotated with different vegetables for 2-3 years) to effectively prevent the disease. When some diseased plants appear, you can spray 70% Methylthiophanate wettable powder 600-800 times, or 80% Mancozeb wettable powder 500 times, or 75% Chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times mixed spray, or 50% (T-J) Fumigant wettable powder 300-400 times or a 1:1:200 dilution of Bordeaux mixture, every 7-10 days, for a total of 2-3 times.
III. Chili Pepper Grey Mold Disease
Symptoms: It can occur in both the seedling and adult plant stages. In seedlings, the terminal buds die and turn yellow, spreading to the stem, which becomes dry and thin, and the affected area is easily broken and dies. Severe infections can cause seedlings to die in patches. After leaves grow, the leaves show semi-circular to near-circular light brown patterned spots, and in the later stage, the leaves or stems can grow grey mold, causing the affected area to rot. After transplanting, the leaves show water-soaked large spots first, which then turn brown and become elliptical or near-circular light yellow patterned spots covered with grey mold. Severe cases can cause large spots to merge, drying out the entire leaf. Chili peppers infected show water-soaked brown spots around the top first, which expand to become dark brown, sunken, rotting, and covered with irregular grey mold patterns.
Control Methods
1. Agricultural Control: Ventilate in time, water in the morning on sunny days, control the amount of watering, avoid overwatering, and remove old fruit and leaves timely. Reasonable planting density, adding phosphorus and potassium fertilizers also have some disease prevention effects.
2. Chemical Control: At the beginning of the disease, you can spray 50% Fastak wettable powder 1500-2000 times, 50% Nongliling wettable powder 1000 times, 40% Dosul suspension 500 times, or 36% Methylthiophanate suspension 500 times. You can also use 10% Fastak smoke bombs at 250 grams per mu each time in protected areas, or 5% Chlorothalonil dust at 1 kilogram per mu each time. When sweet peppers are pollinated, you can add 0.1% of 50% Fastak wettable powder, 50% Prophamine wettable powder, 50% Nongliling wettable powder to the growth regulator.
50% carbendazim wettable powder.
The above introduction to common diseases and control of chili peppers in home vegetable gardening, hope it brings a little help to your life!