How to cultivate chili peppers for high yield
Do you know these? Here are some small experiences in green plant maintenance for high-yield chili pepper cultivation, followed by detailed content sharing.
How to cultivate chili peppers for high yield
After chili pepper transplantation, with low temperature and low night temperature, the plant growth, especially root growth, is slow. Measures should be taken to create conditions favorable for increasing ground temperature. If the temperature is not too high, generally no watering or light watering is needed, promptly cultivate the soil to keep it loose, which is beneficial for root and shoot growth. Cultivation can be combined with earthing-up, which is good for root promotion and preventing lodging, and also convenient for irrigation and drainage.
Chili peppers can be eaten directly or used as a seasoning with certain medicinal value. Therefore, the demand for chili peppers in the market is gradually increasing, making increasing chili pepper yield an important goal in the current chili pepper industry.
1. Variety Selection
Choose suitable varieties based on local natural environmental conditions.
2. Seedling Raising
Raising healthy seedlings of the right age is one of the main measures for early maturity and high yield of chili peppers. The standard for healthy seedlings is having many white roots, sturdy stems, short internodes, large and thick leaves, dark color, no aging, no excessive growth, and no diseases or pests.
For sowing, choose a fertile plot with higher ground and sunny, sheltered from the wind. The seedbed width should be 1.2-1.5m, with a layer of decomposed pig manure scattered on the surface, and sprayed with a formalin solution of 200-250 times or a 50% carbendazim solution of 500 times for disinfection.
Water the seedbed thoroughly before sowing, mix the seeds with fine soil, and after sowing, cover with 1cm of fine soil and seal the plastic film tightly.
In the evening, add a layer of straw mat to ensure the night temperature is above 10°C. Generally, no ventilation is needed before seedlings emerge to facilitate germination, and after the seedlings are fully grown, ventilation should be moderate.
3. Transplanting
Early transplanting at the right time to promote early root development and seedling growth is the main principle of transplanting period and post-transplant management. When transplanting, use plastic film mulching, and the transplanting period can be appropriately advanced.
Generally, when the seedlings are 10-15cm tall with 6 true leaves, they can be transplanted. One day before transplanting, water the seedbed thoroughly, and transplant with soil.
Choose sturdy seedlings with short stems, thick stems, short internodes, upright without bending, and dark green leaves, avoiding root damage. The transplanting depth should be such that the cotyledons are flush with the soil.
After transplanting, immediately water thoroughly or apply dilute dung water. On sunny days or when the temperature is high, water several times to slow down the seedlings. The safe transplanting period is when the average daily temperature is stable at 15°C.
4. Field Management
After chili pepper transplantation, with low temperature and low night temperature, the plant growth, especially root growth, is slow. Measures should be taken to create conditions favorable for increasing ground temperature.
If the temperature is not too high, generally no watering or light watering is needed, promptly cultivate the soil to keep it loose, which is beneficial for root and shoot growth. Cultivation can be combined with earthing-up, which is good for root promotion and preventing lodging, and also convenient for irrigation and drainage.
5. Disease and Pest Control
The main diseases that harm chili peppers include viral diseases, blight, (T-J) disease, and bacterial angular leaf spot.
For viral diseases, spray plant disease灵, virus A, or killing毒矾 every 7 days before seedling transplantation and in the early stages of transplantation, and continue for 2-3 times to reduce the probability of onset.
Blight and (T-J) disease are fungal diseases, and control agents include a 40% aluminum phosphide wettable powder solution of 500 times or a 25% metalaxyl solution of 500 times sprayed on the plants and soil surface, which can effectively prevent infection.
Bacterial angular leaf spot is a bacterial disease, and the main drugs are sulfate streptomycin and new植霉素. The main physiological diseases of chili peppers are blossom and fruit drop, and the control measures are to appropriately supplement phosphorus fertilizer, intercrop with tall crops, and promptly control diseases and pests.
The main pests of chili peppers include bollworms, aphids, and red spiders. Aphids and red spiders can be controlled by spraying dimethoate, pyridaben, abamectin, and thiamethoxam; bollworms can be controlled by spraying emamectin benzoate, Bacillus thuringiensis, or pyrethroid emulsions.
Interplanting a small amount of corn in the chili pepper field to attract bollworm moths to lay eggs, and then manually destroying them can also be effective.
6. Timely Harvesting
Chili peppers should be harvested at the right time for different uses. As a fresh vegetable, it is generally suitable to harvest about 30 days after flowering when the fruit is fully grown, the skin is firm, the color has deepened, and there is luster, indicating good quality. As a commercial dry chili, it is generally harvested when the fruit is fully mature.
The above [] introduces specific methods for cultivating chili peppers for high yield, hoping to bring some knowledge of flowers to flower enthusiasts.