What to do about chili aphids
During the summer and autumn seasons, chili plants often suffer from aphid attacks. These tiny pests not only absorb sap to hinder growth but also spread viral diseases that affect yields. This article will systematically analyze five safe and effective control methods to help growers scientifically respond to pest crises.
Biological Control Methods
Chili Water Pest Repellent Method
Soak 50 grams of dried chili peppers for 24 hours, filter, and then dilute with 10 times the amount of clean water. The stimulating capsaicin component in chili peppers can damage the waxy layer of aphid cuticles. Spraying twice a day for 3 consecutive days can inhibit the initial pest infestation by up to 78%.
Plant Extract Insecticide Method
Mash plants containing sulfur compounds like scallion and onion, dilute 1:20 with water, and mix Huoxiang Zhengqi Liquid at a ratio of 1:800 to create a natural pest repellent barrier. These preparations should be applied on cloudy days to avoid strong sunlight breaking down the active ingredients.
Physical Removal Solutions
Foam Isolation Method
Use a dishwashing liquid solution (0.3% concentration) to create sticky foam that encapsulates the pest bodies, blocking their respiratory system. Focus on spraying the underside of leaves, with a 48-hour interval between the three treatments, and supplement with manual removal of any remaining pests.
(Y-J) Pest Elimination Method
Soak 20 cigarette butts for 24 hours, filter the liquid, and add soap solution to enhance adhesion. The nicotine component has a contact-killing effect, but it should be discontinued 15 days before harvest to avoid excessive pesticide residues.
Chemical Intervention Measures
A neutral laundry detergent solution (3%) can dissolve insect cuticle oils, causing dehydration and death. Combined with yellow sticky traps, this method can enhance control effectiveness. This method is suitable for emergency use when the pest density is high, and the leaves should be rinsed with clean water after application.
Ecological Prevention System
Interplanting with pest-repellent plants such as mint and marigolds, maintaining populations of natural enemies like ladybugs and lacewings. Keep the field ventilated and well-lit, regularly remove old and weak branches, and control the environmental humidity to below 65% to fundamentally reduce the likelihood of pest occurrence.
Combining biological control with agronomic management can effectively control the aphid population while maintaining the balance of the farmland ecosystem. It is recommended to prioritize plant-based preparations, with chemical methods as a supplementary option, to ensure chili quality and food safety.