How to plant flowers and the cultivation method of Michelia figo (Figo Michelia) in the four seasons.

仅提供文本的英文翻译，不包括HTML标签：How to plant Michelia figoComprehensive explanation of how to plant Michelia figo and the cultivation methods of flowering plants, follow the editor to take a look!Michelia figo is an evergreen shrub of the Michelia genus in the Orchidaceae family, also known as fragrant Michelia, Michelia operculata, mountain node, white magnolia, tang yellow heart tree, banana flower, etc. The flowers of Michelia figo do not fully open, hence the name "smiling," with a strong banana scent, also known as banana flower, crisp melon flower.The leaves of Michelia figo are green, and the flowers grow singly in the leaf axils, creamy yellow. Michelia figo is native to Guangdong and Fujian, prefers warm and humid climate conditions, can tolerate semi-shade, but not drought and exposure. It is necessary to shade in the season. Move to a greenhouse before the first frost in autumn and overwinter at a temperature of about 10°C. It is not tolerant to dry and thin soil, but also afraid of waterlogging, requiring well-drained, fertile, slightly acidic soil, and can adapt to neutral soil.I. Propagation methods of Michelia figo: There are several propagation methods for Michelia figo, including seed propagation, cutting propagation, layering propagation, and grafting propagation.1. Layering propagation is usually carried out in early spring. The main method of layering propagation of Michelia figo is high-pressure propagation. High-pressure propagation involves selecting 2-4-year-old branches that are vigorous and upright on the tree crown, stripping half to two-thirds of the bark at a distance of 20-30 cm from the base, then wrapping the wound with a mixture of fertilizer and high-quality compound fertilizer, and covering it with plastic film to keep it moist. The high-pressure period is usually from February to March in early spring, and by August to September, white roots can be seen through the plastic film. The layered branches are then cut off 3-5 cm below the wrapped ball and must be immediately planted in a false manner.2. Grafting propagation: Commonly used rootstocks include紫玉兰, Cynanchum otophyllum, Tung oil tree, and Huangshan magnolia, using methods such as cut grafting or split grafting. Usually, the effect of grafting in April is better, and only one bud is exposed after grafting.Split grafting: After removing the top, the cut surface should be smoothed to facilitate wound healing. Use a grafting knife to cut vertically downwards from the center of the decapitated part of the rootstock, or gently tap the back of the pruning shears to make a vertical cut. The cut surface is about 2-3 times the size of the bud. Then, the scion is cut into an 8-10 mm long double-sided wedge shape (one side is thin and the other side is slightly thick) at the bottom of the bud. Insert the double楔 face of the scion gently into the rootstock interface, ensuring a tight fit, and wrap the wound with plastic film, also wrapping the top horizontal cut of the scion to reduce moisture evaporation, otherwise it is not easy to survive after grafting.Cut grafting: The position for cutting the rootstock is one-third to one-fifth of the cross-section downward and slightly inward. The cutting method of the scion is a long cutting surface and a short cutting surface, usually with both sides of the cutting surface being almost the same thickness. Insert the scion with the long cutting surface facing inward and the short cutting surface facing outward until only a thin line of white is visible. When wrapping, special attention should be paid to keeping the outer thin part of the rootstock cut surface tightly attached to the scion to maximize the contact area of the two cambium layers. Wrap the wound with plastic film, also wrapping the top horizontal cut of the scion to reduce moisture evaporation, otherwise it is not easy to survive after grafting.3. Cutting propagation method: After the flowers fade, select the current year's lignified branches and cut them into 8-10 cm cuttings. The cutting bed should use well-drained, loose sandy loam soil, with a spacing of 10 cm between rows and 6 cm between plants. After cutting, cover with plastic film or build a shade shed and maintain the relative humidity of the cutting bed space at about 90%, as both too dry and too wet conditions are unfavorable for root growth.II. Preparation of cultivation soil: The soil should be water retaining, fertilizer retaining, breathable, loose and fertile, rich in humus. The general composition of the cultivation soil is 30% decomposed manure, 50% garden soil, and 20% sand, or 30% deciduous leaf soil and 70% sandy soil mixed together.III. Cultivation: Repot in early spring before germination, usually after the flowers fade and before new buds sprout. First, place broken tiles and a few horse hoof or bone meal at the bottom of the pot, then fill with cultivation soil, select the cultivated Michelia figo seedlings for spring repotting, place the plant in the center of the pot, straighten the roots, fill the soil to half the pot, then slightly lift and shake the plant to compact the soil, plant it not too deep, keeping the rootstock level with the pot opening. Too shallow affects survival, and too deep affects the growth after transplanting. After planting, water thoroughly. After planting, keep it in a shaded environment for about a week, then move it to a sunny place for daily management after the roots have recovered.IV. Management: Generally apply 2-3 times of liquid fertilizer before flowering in early spring, mostly using diluted fertilizers mixed with phosphorus fertilizer, animal manure, and decomposed fermented cake fertilizer water, with soil loosening and fertilization every 15 days. During the bud formation period, you can spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. After watering, if the potting soil is still relatively dry, water immediately. Michelia figo is afraid of waterlogging, as its fleshy roots can rot if overwatered or waterlogged after rain. Therefore, it is necessary to control humidity during rainy seasons, otherwise it is easy to rot the roots. However, Michelia figo also likes warm and humid conditions, so it is necessary to keep the potting soil moist and breathable. After heavy rain in summer, it is necessary to promptly drain the accumulated water in the pot. Generally, water once a day in summer and spray 1-2 times. In winter, mainly keep warm, keeping the room temperature where the Michelia figo pots are kept above 3°C and not higher than 15°C. If the temperature is too high, it can easily cause seedlings to grow too fast and consume nutrients, which is not conducive to budding and flowering the following year. Move to an indoor room before the Cold Dew festival in early October. After moving into the room, reduce watering and fertilizing, and if the air is dry, just spray the leaves and ground. Pay attention not to spray cold tap water, the water temperature should be as close to the room temperature as possible, and the indoor humidity should be kept above 60%. Place the pot in a place with light after moving in, and move the pot outside after the frost breaks, placing it in a sheltered, slightly shaded, and well-ventilated area.V. Pruning: Prune during the dormant period before spring germination, focusing on pruning dense branches, diseased and weak branches, sprawling branches, and branches that mess up the tree canopy to keep the branches neat and beautiful. After flowering, cut off the残花柄 and fruits to promote new branches.VI. Due to high indoor temperatures and poor ventilation in winter, Michelia figo is often affected by scale insects. It is necessary to check frequently. If there are not many scale insects, they can be brushed off with a small brush. In severe cases, spray 500-1500 times the dilution of carbendazim or multi菌灵 for control.The above content on how to plant Michelia figo and the cultivation methods of flowering plants is prohibited from being copied without permission!