Friends who dig soil from the mountains with woven bags often wonder: Can this natural soil be directly used for potted plant cultivation? Although the humus in the mountains seems fertile, improper use may trigger plant diseases. Through scientific modification methods, we can convert natural mountain soil into high-quality cultivation substrates.
Analysis of Mountain Humus Soil Characteristics
Natural Nutrient Treasure Trove
The humus accumulated on the surface of pine forests has a stable pH value between 5.5-6.5, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements. Acid-loving plants such as roses and azaleas have well-developed roots in this type of soil, with a flower bud differentiation rate increased by over 40%. The granular structure formed by humus can maintain long-term breathability and avoid compaction issues.
Microbial Ecosystem
Every gram of mountain soil contains millions of beneficial microorganisms, and the humic acid produced by the decomposition of organic matter can promote the growth of fine roots. However, attention should be paid to the compatibility of symbiotic bacteria with potted plants, such as the specific strain of bacteria required for orchid-specific soil.
Key Steps for Soil Improvement
Disinfection Treatment Process
The sun exposure method requires continuous high temperatures of 35°C or above for 3 days, with a UV germicidal rate of up to 95%. Steam sterilization is suitable for large-scale processing, with 121°C maintained for 20 minutes to inactivate eggs. For chemical disinfection, it is recommended to use a 800-fold solution of carbendazim to thoroughly wet the substrate.
Structural Improvement Formula
Heavy mountain soil should be mixed with perlite at a 3:1 ratio, and sandy soil should be mixed with 20% coconut bran for water retention. Suggested potting mix for succulent plants: humus soil 40% + river sand 30% + vermiculite 30%. Regularly supplementing with bone meal and decomposed sheep manure can maintain fertility.
Special Plant Adaptation Scheme
Orchid Cultivation Substrate
The mountain soil should be sieved to retain 3-5mm particles and mixed with pine bark and植金石 (植金石 is a Chinese character that seems to be a typo; it might be "植石" or "stone"). Maintain a 40% porosity, watering thoroughly once a week to avoid waterlogging and root rot.
Fruit and Vegetable Planting Application
For tomato cultivation, it is recommended to mix in 10% wood ash to adjust the pH value. For strawberry planting, add earthworm manure to increase calcium content. Supplement with microbial agents every quarter to maintain soil activity.
Systematically improved mountain soil can significantly reduce planting costs. Experimental data show that using treated humus soil can increase plant survival rates by 65%. Regularly test EC and pH values, adjusting the ratio according to the plant's growth stage, to revitalize natural mountain soil.