What are the technical requirements before Phalaenopsis orchids bloom?
Article abstract: This article discusses the technical requirements for the flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids in the field of green plants and flowers. Next, the editor of this site will introduce the topic to everyone.
Phalaenopsis, a monopodial epiphytic orchid of the Orchidaceae family. It has a short stem, large leaves, and a flower spike with one to several flowers. The flowers are large, resembling butterflies, with graceful postures, rich and bright colors, making it a gem among tropical orchids and known as the "Queen of Orchids". It is native to the Philippines, the Malayan Peninsula, and the low-latitude tropical islands in China (T-W) region. It prefers a semi-shaded environment with high temperature, high humidity, and good ventilation. It does not tolerate flooding and direct sunlight, and the temperature should not drop below 15℃ during winter.
Phalaenopsis orchids can be produced throughout the year, but the peak sales season is mainly during the Spring Festival, New Year's Day, as well as the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival. Therefore, it is necessary to use flowering regulation techniques to bring them to market during the best sales season.
Facilities are required for flowering regulation, such as a level multi-span greenhouse equipped with shading, heating, cooling, and semi-automatic ventilation devices. If conditions permit, a taller greenhouse can be built at an altitude of 900 meters or above. The combination of high mountain and flatland bases ensures the smooth implementation of flowering regulation. Flowers for the Mid-Autumn Festival should be controlled for bud differentiation in high mountain greenhouses. Under high mountain cultivation conditions, from April to May, the focus is on promoting vegetative growth, accelerating the development of the plants, reaching the physiological maturity stage by early June, to ensure flowering after August 25. Bud differentiation for the New Year's flowers can be controlled in high mountain or flatland greenhouses, with the flowering period from mid-December to late February of the following year, and the start of bud differentiation should be controlled from early September to early October.
Specific operations can be carried out from the following aspects:
①Appropriate low-temperature treatment is the technical key to induce bud differentiation. Maintain temperatures above 20℃ for 2 months, then reduce the night temperature to below 18℃, and flower buds will form after 45 days. After the flower buds form, maintain the night temperature between 18-20℃, and keep the day temperature between 25-28℃. The flowers can bloom 3-4 months later, with the flowering temperature slightly reduced but not below 15℃.
②For Phalaenopsis seedlings entering the flowering stage, you can use 33% Fastening at 1500 times, or 66% Pricking at 1000 times, or 50% Shibaogong at 6000 times, or 90% Tetracycline at 3000 times, spraying once every 2-4 weeks.
③Watering is generally done in the morning, around 10 am, avoiding direct contact with the flowers. After watering, use an exhaust fan for ventilation to keep the greenhouse air fresh and dissipate the remaining moisture as soon as possible.
④Fertilization with a nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio of 10:30:20 at 1000 times solution is optimal, generally fertilizing once every half month. No fertilization is needed from the bud stage to the flowering period.
⑤During the period from the elongation of the flower spike to before flowering, a higher light intensity of 20000-25000 lux can be maintained. When flowering starts, the light intensity should be reduced to extend the flowering period. However, it is important to note that high light intensity during high temperatures at noon can lead to high temperatures. In such cases, priority should be given to cooling. If there is no water curtain fan, the light intensity should be reduced to lower the temperature.
⑥After the flower buds emerge, when the flower spike reaches a length of over 20 centimeters, a pole should be inserted for support. Generally, a pole 50-60 centimeters long is used, with the flower spike secured with a plastic clip. After the flowering stage ends, attention should be paid to the bending direction of the flower spike when placing it on the shelf. Do not change the orientation of the flower spike to avoid twisting or disarray in the arrangement of the flowers.
⑦After flowering, avoid spraying water in the form of mist to prevent flower mold disease.
The above information on the technical requirements before Phalaenopsis orchids bloom is provided for everyone's reference and operation.