Common diseases of plum blossoms and their control
As the first of the top ten famous flowers in China, plum blossoms often affect their ornamental value and growth status due to diseases during maintenance. This article systematically analyzes the characteristics of six common diseases, combines 20 years of horticultural experience, and provides targeted solutions to help you cultivate healthy plum plants. Leaf roll disease is a key point for the prevention and control of physiological diseases: Water control is the key to shallow root varieties such as green calyx plum are prone to leaf roll disease in summer. When the average daily temperature is greater than 30℃, triple protection is required: watering the roots with water (once in the morning and evening), foliar spray (5-7 times/day), environmental humidification (humidity maintained at 60%). It is recommended to use the "potted method" for potted plants. Filling the outer container with wet moss can extend the moisturizing time for 3 hours. Yellowing disease: Soil improvement plan The "three-acid balance method" can be used to adjust the soil in the northern region: burying sulfur powder (50g/m³) in spring, watering ferrous sulfate (0.5% solution) during the growth period, and applying decomposed pine needle soil in autumn. It is recommended to use special culture soil with a pH value of 5.8-6.3 for potted plum blossoms, combined with ceramsite drainage layer to prevent water accumulation. Fungal disease control system (T-J) disease: The three-level prevention and control strategy implements the three-step "clearing-control-treatment" process from April to June: removing diseased leaves (weekly inspections), alternating spraying mancozeb/difenoconazole (once every 10 days), and increasing application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to improve resistance. Focus on protecting susceptible varieties such as cinnabar plum. Building a rainproof canopy in the rainy season can reduce the incidence rate by 78%. Glue flow disease: When the wound treatment standard detects that the glue flows, the "scrap-burn-seal" treatment is immediately carried out: scrape the glue with a disinfectant blade → burn the wound surface with an alcohol lamp for 10 seconds → apply a wound healing agent + plastic film wrap. Combined with white coating on the main body (lime: sulfur: salt =5:1:0.5) can effectively prevent sunburn glue flow. Comprehensive disease management plan Root cancer disease: New biological control technology uses K84 bacterial agent to dip the roots before planting, so that probiotics occupy the surface of the root system to form a protective layer. It is recommended to use the "hydrogen peroxide root irrigation method" for infected plants: 3% hydrogen peroxide solution is used to irrigate the roots every 15 days, and 90% of the pathogens can be eliminated for three consecutive times.
By establishing a plant protection system that "puts prevention first and comprehensive management", coupled with regular inspections and precise medication, the incidence of plum diseases can be reduced by more than 65%. It is recommended to establish a maintenance log to record the phenological period and application conditions to provide data support for personalized prevention and control.