How to cultivate Primula
Do you know these? Here is an introduction to the green plant flowers, including how to cultivate Primula and the key points of its cultivation technique:
Primula is a deciduous or semi-evergreen vine-like shrub of the Oleaceae family, belonging to the genus Jasminum. It is a unique plant in China, mainly distributed in Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Guizhou and other places, often growing at altitudes of 500-2000m in valleys, slopes, or shrub forests. Primula can grow up to 1-3m in height, with green branches, slender twigs, alternate odd-pinnate leaves, terminal cymose inflorescences, golden yellow corollas, and blooming period from April to June. The fruit ripening period is from July to August.
Primula enjoys sunlight, is not tolerant to shade, dislikes waterlogging, prefers warm and humid climate, and is adaptable. It can grow normally in slightly alkaline soil, but grows better in sandy loam soil with deep layers, moisture, and good drainage. It has strong sprouting ability and is tolerant to pruning. The plant is low-growing, with flowers appearing after leaves, golden yellow flowers, numerous and large in quantity, which can be used as ornamental garden trees. It is suitable for planting near artificial mountains, riverbanks, rock edges, terraces, and edges of steps. Planting in the margins of forests on slopes can prevent soil erosion.
▲Primula
Propagation
Primula can be propagated by methods such as cutting, dividing, and layering.
Hardwood cuttings are carried out in early spring before germination, using 1-2-year-old healthy branches, cut into 12-15cm long cuttings with 2-3 buds each. The lower end near the node is cut into an oblique surface, inserted into the prepared seedbed at a spacing of 25cm×15cm, with 1/3 of the cutting exposed. After planting, press the soil and water thoroughly, then keep the bed surface moist. In early spring, when the temperature is relatively low, a arch-shaped plastic film shed should be set up to increase temperature and humidity. It usually takes about one month for roots and buds to form.
In summer, semi-hardwood cuttings can be taken, cut into 12-15cm long, remove the lower leaves, retain some small leaves at the top, and insert 2/3 of the twig length into the soil. After planting, shade, water, and keep moist, and it usually takes about one month for roots to form, with a rooting rate of over 90%.
Layering can be done with either hardwood or semi-hardwood, using hardwood in March to April and it can root in May to June. Layering does not require cutting, as each node has a strong rooting ability, and can be transplanted separately from the mother plant the following spring.
Division can be carried out before or just after spring sprouting, dig up the mother plant, divide it into 3-4 bundles of branches with a sharp knife, water after planting, and it can survive.
Cultivation
Planting conditions: In the North China region, it is best to transplant after autumn defoliation to early spring. It can be planted in sunny, windward areas with loose, fertile soil and good drainage, avoiding waterlogging after rain, as the roots can easily rot.
Water and fertilizer management: After planting new seedlings, water immediately, then water again after two days, and again after five days. Thereafter, water according to soil moisture conditions. After the beginning of autumn, water should be controlled to prevent the branches from growing too long and not lignifying well, which is not conducive to overwintering. In the North China region, before winter, sufficient water should be poured to prevent freezing, and in early March of the following year, water to melt the frost. These two waterings should be thorough. Due to the long duration of dry and windy weather in spring and the rapid rise of temperatures, water should be provided as needed. Reduce watering during rainy days or after heavy rain, and promptly drain and loosen the soil to increase soil permeability and prevent root rot due to waterlogging.
When planting, apply decomposed manure as a base fertilizer in the hole. During the growing season, for plants with poor growth or obvious nutrient deficiencies, top dressing can be applied to the roots or foliar spraying with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer, with a concentration of 0.2%-0.5% for foliar application, which can enhance tree vigor. Fertilizing before flowering can extend the blooming period and make the flowers more beautiful. Apply farm manure or compound fertilizer as a base fertilizer after flowering each year and before winter.
Shaping and pruning
Primula flowers in spring, and the flower buds for the next year's flowers are formed on the branches grown in the current year, and flower bud differentiation begins at the end of spring. Therefore, after flowering and before flower bud differentiation, pruning should be done in time to remove weak, disordered, and vigorous branches, allowing nutrients to concentrate on flower branches to form more flower buds. In autumn, vigorous branches should be shortened, dense branches and withered branches thinned, and branches with few flower buds and aging growth should be cut back. Every 3-5 years, old branches should be thinned and renewed once. After flowering, the residual flower stems should be pruned, and vigorous growing branches should be shortened appropriately to promote branch development.
Disease and pest control
For Primula leaf spot disease, you can spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600-800 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500-800 times solution, etc. For缘纹广翅蜡蝉, you can spray 1.2% matrine·nicotine emulsion 800-1000 times solution, or decis 2500-3000 times solution, or 6% imidacloprid 3000-4000 times solution for spray control.
For桑白盾蚧, during the peak period of nymph hatching, when no wax or just beginning to form a wax layer, spray the branches and leaves with 40% quickly kill scale insects oil 1500-2000 times solution, or 6% imidacloprid soluble liquid agent 2000 times solution, or pyrethroid pesticides 2500 times solution. The above three pesticides should be alternated, sprayed every 7-10 days, and continued for 2-3 times for good results.
The above sharing on how to cultivate Primula and the key points of Primula cultivation technique for green plant flowers, hoping to bring help to your life!