Common Diseases and Control Methods of Xijimu
As a tropical plant with high ornamental value, Xijimu often suffers from various diseases due to improper maintenance. This article will systematically analyze the characteristics of three typical diseases and provide strong operable control plans to help gardening enthusiasts achieve scientific prevention and control.
Key Points for the Control of Xijimu Sooty Mold Disease
Mechanism and Identification of Sooty Mold Disease
The disease is transmitted by piercing-sucking insects. Initially, black soot-like spots appear on the leaf surface, which develop into coverage-forming fungal spots as the condition progresses. The high-incidence period is concentrated in the plum rain season when the air humidity is >80% and ventilation is poor, allowing the fungal mycelium to rapidly propagate on aphid secretions.
Three-dimensional Control Strategy
① Physical control: Prune dense branches monthly and maintain a plant spacing of over 30cm; ② Biological control: Hang yellow sticky traps to kill aphids; ③ Chemical control: Alternate the use of 50% carbendazim 800 times solution and 70% methyl thiophanate 1000 times solution, spraying once a week for three consecutive weeks.
Full Management of Xijimu Leaf Spot Disease
Evolution of Symptoms
Initially, needle-like brown spots appear on the leaf edges, which expand to irregular spots 2-5mm in diameter after 7-10 days, with deep brown halos around the edges. The pathogen is spread through irrigation water splashing, with an incidence rate as high as 60% during the rainy season.
Comprehensive Control Plan
Immediately remove the diseased leaves at the early stage of the disease and spray with 80% mancozeb 600 times solution. It is recommended to set up a drip irrigation system to avoid the spread of pathogens caused by traditional watering methods, maintaining air humidity ≤65%.
Systematic Control of Xijimu Brown Spot Disease
Identification of Disease Characteristics
Different from other leaf diseases, brown spot disease can infect both new leaf buds and flower buds, forming sunken brown spots. Laboratory tests show that the pathogen multiplies fastest at temperatures between 15-28°C and can survive the winter through soil-borne inoculum.
Technical Route for Control
Disinfect the soil with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder before spring germination, and during the leaf expansion stage, spray with 2000 times solution of difenoconazole. Establish a disease warning mechanism, and spray protective fungicides in advance when continuous rainy weather exceeds 3 days.
By establishing a prevention-oriented and treatment-assisted control system, combined with environmental regulation and precision medication, the incidence of Xijimu diseases can be effectively controlled. It is recommended to conduct a full plant check monthly, using a mobile phone macro lens to record subtle changes on the leaf back, achieving early detection and treatment of diseases.