How to plant straw mushrooms
A detailed introduction on how to plant straw mushrooms and the key points of straw mushroom cultivation techniques in the field of green plants and flowers is provided below.
Abstract: Straw mushrooms, also known as orchid mushrooms, have tender and crisp textures, a delicious taste, and a rich aroma. They are very nutritious and are one of the edible fungi that people love. This article introduces the management points for planting straw mushrooms.
I. Nutrient Absorption
The main nutrients required for the growth and development of straw mushrooms are carbohydrates, nitrogenous nutrients, and minerals. Their nutritional sources mainly come from the decomposition and absorption of nutrients and moisture in the substrates, with raw materials such as withered grass, cottonseed hulls, and waste cotton. When nutrients are sufficient, the mycelium grows vigorously, the fruiting bodies are plump, the yield is high, the quality is good, and the mushroom period is long. In substrates with insufficient nutrients, the growth and development of the straw mushroom mycelium is poor, the fruiting bodies are deformed, the quality is poor, the yield is low, and the mushroom period is short. Therefore, it is possible to add some cow dung, rice bran, and stems and leaves of leguminous crops to the straw mushroom substrate to increase yield and quality.
II. Temperature Control
The optimal growth temperature for straw mushrooms is between 28-32 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is below 25 degrees, the fruiting bodies cannot form; if it exceeds 35 degrees, it has a fatal effect on the button stage. Buttons develop faster in higher temperatures but are smaller, easily open, and of slightly lower quality. In lower temperatures, they develop slowly, do not split easily, and have larger and better quality. If the greenhouse temperature reaches or exceeds 35 degrees, it is necessary to cool down promptly, otherwise, gray-brown mushrooms will occur, resulting in losses. Therefore, it is important to strengthen control efforts to lower the greenhouse temperature as much as possible. It is best to cultivate under the shade of trees or low greenhouses in summer.
III. Humidity Control
Straw mushrooms prefer a hot and humid environment. Only under suitable moisture conditions can the growth and development of straw mushrooms proceed normally. Controlling humidity is an essential task in straw mushroom cultivation. The moisture content of the substrate should be maintained at 70%-75% during planting, and the humidity inside the mushroom house should be controlled at 80%-85%. If the humidity is too low, it is necessary to water the furrows promptly. However, care should be taken not to wet the substrate blocks during watering, and water should not be sprayed directly onto the substrate surface. During the fruiting period, the relative humidity in the air should be maintained at 85%-90%. It is important to keep the mushroom beds moist and maintain the moisture content of the substrate. Regularly spray water into the air to increase the humidity inside the greenhouse, and the water temperature should be consistent with the air temperature. Do not spray water directly onto the substrate blocks and buttons.
IV. Ventilation
Straw mushrooms are aerobic fungi. Only a small amount of ventilation is needed during the mycelium growth stage. More oxygen is required during the development of the fruiting bodies, especially when the mushroom bodies grow rapidly. Since the growth of the fruiting bodies requires a large amount of oxygen, insufficient oxygen will inhibit the growth of the fruiting bodies. When ventilating, the air supply should not be too fast or for too long, to avoid excessive evaporation of moisture.
V. Light
The germination of straw mushroom spores and the growth of mycelium do not require light, but the differentiation of the primordia of the fruiting bodies requires some scattered light. Scattered light can promote the formation of straw mushroom fruiting bodies, making them grow stronger and enhancing their disease resistance. The color of the straw mushrooms is also related to light exposure; the stronger the light, the darker the color of the fruiting bodies, with dense and glossy flesh. In weaker light, the color of the mushrooms becomes lighter, and the flesh is loose. Straw mushrooms cannot tolerate strong direct sunlight, which can inhibit the growth of the fruiting bodies.
The above is the complete content on how to plant straw mushrooms and the key points of straw mushroom cultivation techniques, for your comprehensive understanding and reference!