Common diseases of Phalaenopsis and their prevention and treatment
As the most popular ornamental orchid species, Phalaenopsis often faces various disease threats during its maintenance process. This article systematically combs the identification characteristics and scientific prevention and control plans of the four common diseases, combines physical maps to help flower friends accurately diagnose, and uses both environmental regulation and drug management to restore your Phalaenopsis to a healthy attitude. 1. Comprehensive prevention and control of (T-J) disease 1.1 Needle-like chlorotic spots appeared on leaves in the early stage of symptom recognition, and expanded into black-brown concentric ring spots with a diameter of 2- 5 cm as the disease progressed, with yellow halos on the edges. It occurs frequently during the rainy season, and the spread accelerates when the air humidity is greater than 85%. 1.2 The control plan uses 800 times mancozeb solution to spray the entire plant, focusing on the back of the leaves, once a week for three consecutive weeks. Simultaneously improve ventilation conditions and use bamboo charcoal particles to pave the road to reduce substrate humidity. 2. Precise management of gray mold 2.1 The characteristics of the disease mainly harm flower utensils. In the early stages, water-stained transparent spots appear on petals, and develop into a gray brown mold layer within 48 hours. It is easy to explode when the night temperature is 15-20℃ and the relative humidity lasts above 90%. 2.2 Emergency treatment Immediately remove the sick flowers and fumigate them with Sukeling smoking agent, and maintain a high temperature environment of 28-32℃ during the day. Spray the base of the flower stems with 1000 times of 50% Proymonil wettable powder every week. 3. Systematic prevention and control of soft rot 3.1 Incidence pattern occurs during high temperature periods in summer (30-35℃). Translucent ulceration spots first appear at the base of the leaves, and fetid mucus is produced within 12 hours. Spread quickly through watering spatter. 3.2 Rescue measures: Use a disinfected knife to remove the affected area to healthy tissue, and apply the wound with antimycin powder. The entire plant was sprayed with 800 times of 3% Zhongshengmycin, and the water was supplied by bottom infiltration irrigation. 4. Whole process management of brown spot disease 4.1 Identification points The leaves show irregular brown sunken spots and dark brown halos on the edges. Infection during the seedling period can cause the entire plant to die. Strong light exposure will accelerate the spread of disease spots. 4.2 Control strategy Spray 1500 times 25% prochloraz EC in the morning, and add calcium and magnesium fertilizers to enhance cell wall strength. Set up a sunshade net to control the light at 15000-20000Lux.
By establishing a three-level management system of "prevention-monitoring-management", regularly using 500 times carbendazim solution for environmental disinfection, and maintaining the temperature difference between day and night at 8-10℃, the incidence of Phalaenopsis diseases can be reduced by 70%. It is recommended to conduct foliar microscopic examination every quarter, and give priority to biological agents when detecting diseases early to ensure the prevention and control effect and avoid drug residues.