How to Propagate Orchids by Division
Orchids, as traditional precious ornamental plants, require division propagation to maintain an attractive plant shape and promote the growth of new seedlings. Mastering the correct division method and wound treatment techniques can both increase the success rate of propagation and effectively prevent fungal infections. This article will systematically analyze the entire process of orchid division, from practical operations to post-propagation care.
Complete Analysis of Orchid Division Process
Preparation Phase Before Division
Control water 7 days in advance to dry the potting soil, and use the rotation method to remove the mother plant from the pot. It is recommended to perform the division before the spring sprouting or after the autumn flowering, as the orchid plants are in a semi-dormant state at this time, minimizing division damage. Use a moderate water flow to rinse the roots, avoiding immersion that could cause root rot, and then place the roots in a well-ventilated area with scattered light to air-dry for 6-8 hours.
Key Points for Precise Division Operations
When the gaps between pseudobulbs are obvious, cut in units of 3-5 connected pseudobulbs. Use a sharp pair of scissors that has been sterilized with alcohol to cut at the natural division points where the gaps between pseudobulbs are over 1 cm, ensuring each division retains 2-3 healthy fleshy roots. Treat the cut surfaces immediately to prevent oxidation damage.
Scientific Treatment of Orchid Division Wounds
Double Disinfection Protection System
First, soak the cut surfaces in a 1000x solution of carbendazim for 5 minutes, then apply fresh charcoal powder to form a physical barrier. Focus on treating cuts with a diameter over 3mm, and for larger wounds, use medical Vaseline to seal the wound. After treatment, let it sit in a shaded area to dry for 2 hours, and only pot after the cut surfaces have completely healed.
Special Wound Treatment Plan
For accidentally torn fibrous roots, trim them flat and apply sulfur powder. For pseudobulbs with brown lesions, cut until healthy white tissue is exposed and use Daktarin ointment to cover the wound. All tools must be disinfected with 75% alcohol, and tools must be re-disinfected between treating different plants.
Key Points for Post-Division Care
Use the moist soil potting method, keeping the planting material moisture at around 30%. Place the plants in a low-light environment at 25°C for the first 3 weeks and maintain air humidity at 70% with foliar sprays. After new buds start to grow, apply a 2000x solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, combined with EM bacteria solution to water the roots to promote wound healing. Pay attention to changes in the color of the cut surfaces, and isolate and treat any black spots immediately.
By following standardized division operations and scientific wound management, the success rate of orchid propagation can be increased to over 90%. It is recommended to choose the timing of division based on the plant's growth, with vigorous plants divided every 2-3 years and weaker plants every 4-5 years. Mastering these core technical points will allow the orchid family to continue to grow stronger.