The Functions of Vermiculite
In the process of plant cultivation, the choice of substrate directly affects root development and plant health. Vermiculite, as a common mineral substrate, has become a star material in the horticulture industry due to its special physical properties. This article will provide a comprehensive understanding of the practical applications of vermiculite in plant care.
Analysis of the Four Core Functions of Vermiculite
Root Respiratory Support System
The porosity between vermiculite particles reaches 45%-60%, forming natural air channels. When used with heavy clay soil, it can reduce the bulk density of the substrate by over 30%, effectively preventing compaction. Experimental data show that adding 20% vermiculite to the substrate can increase water permeability by 2-3 times.
Propagation and Cultivation Tool
The sterile environment of vermiculite is particularly suitable for seed germination, and its constant water content feature of 60%-70% can increase the survival rate of cuttings to over 85%. When using vermiculite for cuttings of plants such as roses and pothos, the rooting time can be shortened by 5-7 days.
Ecological Protection Barrier
Laying a 3-6mm particle size vermiculite layer can form a 0.5cm thick physical isolation layer. The survival rate of insect eggs in the vermiculite layer is reduced to 12%, while not affecting water渗透. It is recommended to replenish the surface layer of vermiculite every quarter to maintain the protective effect.
Landscape Beautification Solution
The reflectivity of golden vermiculite can reach 65%, and when combined with succulents, it can enhance the ornamental value of the pot by 40%. By mixing different particle sizes (1-3mm/3-6mm), a natural gradient effect can be created.
The Golden Rule of Scientific Soil Mixing
Universal Formula
The classic 1:1:3 ratio (vermiculite: perlite: peat soil) is suitable for 80% of ornamental leaf plants. The EC value of this combination remains stable at 0.8-1.2mS/cm, with a pH value maintained in the ideal range of 5.5-6.5.
Adjustments for Special Needs
Succulents are recommended to use a formula with a vermiculite proportion of 15%-20%, combined with akadama soil to enhance drainage. For orchids, add 20% pine bark, combined with vermiculite to create a friendly environment for aerial roots.
Nutrient Supplement Strategy
Vermiculite itself has a CEC (cation exchange capacity) of 15-20cmol/kg, and it is recommended to supplement with slow-release fertilizer monthly. Liquid fertilizers should be diluted to 70% of the standard concentration to avoid blocking the particle gaps.
Rational use of the characteristics of vermiculite can make plant care more effective. Adjusting the ratio according to the plant species and combining regular substrate maintenance can create an ideal root growth environment. Mastering these techniques will lead to a qualitative leap in your green plant care level.