How to Repot Cattleya orchids
As a star variety in the orchid family, Cattleya orchids are deeply loved by horticulture enthusiasts for their erect flower stems and gorgeous blooms. To keep this oriental beauty vibrant, mastering the skills of repotting and dividing is particularly crucial. This article will guide you through the complete process of plant renewal and replacement with professional illustrations and step-by-step instructions.
Complete Process Analysis of Repotting Cattleya Orchids
Choosing the Best Time for Repotting
Spring and autumn (March-April / September-October) are the best times for repotting, when the daily average temperature is stable at 18-25°C and the air humidity is around 60%, which can minimize the plant's stress response. It is particularly important to avoid the scorching summer (temperatures above 30°C can breed bacteria) and the freezing winter (temperatures below 10°C can damage the roots).
Plant Removal and Root Treatment
Use a 360-degree tapping method to loosen the pot wall, then invert the pot to gently remove the plant. Retain 3-5 new, white and plump aerial roots, and prune the black or withered old roots. Soak in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, then let it dry to half before use.
Golden Ratio for Substrate Preparation
It is recommended to use a mixed substrate: pine bark (40%) + volcanic rock (30%) + charcoal granules (20%) + perlite (10%). This structure ensures a balance between breathability and water retention, with a pH value controlled between 5.5-6.5. Sterilize the substrate by steaming at high temperature for 30 minutes before use.
Four-Step Scientific Potting Method
Place a 3cm thick layer of ceramic stones at the bottom of the pot as a drainage layer, fill the soil to the base of the pseudobulb after placing the plant. Use the vibration method to let the substrate settle naturally, avoiding pressing down hard. After planting, spray HB-101 plant vigor enhancer (1:2000) to promote root growth.
Guide to Propagating Cattleya Orchids by Division
Judging the Best Time for Division
Divide when the mother plant has more than 5 pseudobulbs and new buds have grown 3-4 true leaves. Combining division with repotting can increase the survival rate, and it is recommended to perform the operation during the dormant period after flowering (spring).
Key Points for Scientific Division
Separate the offsets with 2-3 pseudobulbs using scissors that have been disinfected with alcohol, ensuring each plant retains at least 3 healthy roots. Apply sulfur powder or cinnamon powder to the cut surface to prevent decay, and place it in a shaded area to dry for 24 hours until the wound heals.
Secrets for Post-Division Care
Use a breathable unglazed pot with a diameter of 15cm, and keep the substrate moisture content at around 30%. Maintain diffused light (<5000lux) for the first two weeks, and spray with seaweed extract (1:1500) once a week to promote root development. After new buds emerge, switch to regular care.
By systematically mastering the techniques of repotting and dividing, your Cattleya orchids will achieve a 3-year reblooming cycle, continuously displaying elegant flowers. It is recommended to supplement with Osmocote slow-release fertilizer (N-P-K=18-18-18) every year to maintain nutritional balance, and to rotate the pot regularly to ensure symmetrical growth.