What type of soil is best for growing Phalaenopsis orchids
As a representative epiphytic orchid variety, Phalaenopsis orchids have become a popular choice in home gardening with their elegant flower posture. However, many orchid enthusiasts often encounter hindered plant growth due to improper substrate selection. This article will systematically analyze the core points of Phalaenopsis orchid cultivation substrates and practical potting techniques.
Guide to Choosing Phalaenopsis Orchid Cultivation Substrate
Epiphytic Characteristics and Substrate Requirements
Wild Phalaenopsis orchids attach to tree trunks with aerial roots, and the characteristic need for root contact with air determines that the cultivation medium must have: ① excellent drainage ② air porosity ≥50% ③ pH value of 5.5-6.5 slightly acidic. Traditional garden soil can become compacted and suffocate roots, requiring a special formula substrate.
Recommended Professional Substrate Formula
Basic formula suggestion: sphagnum moss (water retention layer): pine bark (aeration layer): charcoal (antibacterial layer) mixed in a ratio of 4:5:1. Advanced options can include adding 10% vermiculite to increase trace elements or mixing in volcanic rock particles to enhance drainage. The substrate needs to be replaced every 2 years to prevent acidification.
Full Process of Transplanting Newly Purchased Phalaenopsis Orchids
Judging the Timing for Repotting
Phalaenopsis orchids cultivated in greenhouses often use highly water-retentive sphagnum moss. Home care suggestions include: ① repot when the roots are silver-gray ② avoid operating during the flowering period ③ choose the best time in spring with temperatures of 18-25°C.
Five-Step Transplanting Method
1. Soak the old substrate for 5 minutes to soften it 2. Trim blackened and rotting roots, keeping only healthy white roots 3. Place a 3cm layer of ceramsite at the bottom of the new pot 4. Fill the mixed substrate to 2/3 of the pot's height 5. Secure the plant and fill the remaining substrate, making sure aerial roots are exposed.
Post-Transplant Care Considerations
After repotting, place the plant in a diffused light environment, maintain air humidity at 60%-70%, and pause fertilization for the first two weeks. When new roots emerge from the surface of the substrate, resume normal care. Regularly use a bamboo skewer to check the moisture of the substrate, avoiding waterlogging and root rot.
By scientifically proportioning the substrate and following standardized transplanting operations, combined with temperature and humidity control, Phalaenopsis orchids can develop robust roots and continue to bloom. It is recommended to supplement the surface with moss annually to maintain substrate vitality, allowing the elegant orchid to thrive indefinitely.