How to Propagate Dendrobium Stems at Home
Dendrobium, as a precious medicinal and ornamental plant, often faces the problem of root formation difficulty in home propagation. Mastering scientific propagation methods can help the Dendrobium stems root and sprout quickly, achieving home cultivation. This article will systematically explain the five core techniques for home propagation of Dendrobium from timing selection to later-stage maintenance.
1. Mastering the Timing of Dendrobium Propagation
The best propagation time is between March and October, with the end of spring and the beginning of summer (April to June) being the most suitable when the temperature is stable at 20-25°C. The activity of plant cells is the strongest, and the survival rate of propagation can reach over 85%. In winter, due to temperatures below 15°C, the metabolism of branches slows down, easily leading to rot at the cut ends.
2. Selection and Treatment of Cuttings
1. Standards for Selecting Quality Stems
Choose semi-woody stems that are 1-2 years old from the mother plant, with a diameter of 3-5mm being ideal. Cutting in the early morning or on cloudy days can reduce water loss, retain at least three buds, and ensure that the cut surface is 0.3cm away from the petiole and cut at a 45-degree angle to increase the rooting area.
2. Disinfection and Root Promotion Treatment
Soak in a 1000-fold solution of carbendazim for 15 minutes for disinfection, then rinse with clean water three times. Dip in a rooting powder containing naphthylacetic acid, with the concentration controlled within 500ppm, to promote the formation of callus.
3. Substrate Ratio and Disinfection
Use a mixed substrate of pine bark (40%) + perlite (30%) + sawdust (30%), which has good breathability and drainage. Sterilize with high-temperature steam or expose to the hot sun for three days before use to kill eggs and germs.
4. Scientific Propagation Operation Standards
The insertion depth should be half the length of the cutting, with the bud points facing up. Use the intermittent propagation method with a plant spacing of 8-10cm. After completion, water thoroughly to settle the roots, cover with a transparent film to maintain 85% humidity, and set up a shading net to avoid direct sunlight.
5. Key Points for Later-stage Maintenance
Spray twice a day for the first two weeks, then gradually reduce to every other day after 20 days. Maintain scattered light during the rooting period and keep the temperature stable at 22-28°C. New buds can be seen after about 45 days, at which time you can apply a diluted 3000-fold orchid special fertilizer.
By accurately controlling temperature and humidity, scientifically treating cuttings, and properly adjusting the substrate, the success rate of home propagation of Dendrobium can be increased to over 90%. Regularly observe the condition of the branches and adjust the maintenance strategy in a timely manner to allow the precious Dendrobium to root and propagate on the balcony.