Broccoli Planting Methods and Process
If you want to learn about the methods and process of planting broccoli, as well as the best fertilizers for broccoli, please see the detailed introduction below.
Broccoli is a biennial plant of the brassica rapa var. rapa subspecies, belonging to the brassicaceae family. It is a type of vegetable and a variant of the same brassica rapa family as the heading cabbage. Broccoli is also known as green cauliflower, purple cauliflower, tender stem cauliflower, Italian rapini, and stem cauliflower. It is an autumn and winter vegetable that prefers a warm and humid climate. It is widely adaptable, easy to cultivate, and of high value. How to plant broccoli?
I. Broccoli Planting Time
In the southern regions, broccoli can be planted all year round, but it is mostly cultivated in autumn and winter. In warm regions, the autumn cauliflower is sown from mid-June to mid-July, in temperate regions from early June to early July, and in cool regions from mid-May to early June. In warm regions, the winter cauliflower is sown from mid-August to early September, in temperate regions from mid-July to mid-August, and in cool regions from late June to mid-July.
II. Broccoli Planting Methods
1. Variety Selection: Broccoli is adaptable and can be planted all year round, but different varieties should be chosen for different seasons. For spring cultivation, black green, six-year-old green, and Baoguan are suitable; for summer cultivation, Zhenglan Shuizhong, Xialu, Green King, and Green Fragrance are suitable; for autumn cultivation, Green Ridge, Qingnong 50, and Wenxing broccoli are suitable; for overwintering cultivation, medium to late-maturing varieties are recommended.
2. Seedling Raising: Choose a plot of land that is fertile, loose, well-drained, and cool with good ventilation for the seedbed. Before sowing, deeply turn the soil of the seedbed, apply decomposed manure and a small amount of compound fertilizer, mix it evenly with the soil, and sprinkle a thick layer of diluted animal waste water. After 2-3 days, rake the soil loose, wet the seedbed, and sow about 10 grams of seeds per square meter. After sowing, cover with about 1 centimeter of fine soil, shade with a sun-blocking net, water again, and then water as needed to keep the soil moist. Most seeds will germinate after 3-4 days. Use half-shade to prevent direct sunlight and rain冲击. As the seedlings grow, gradually uncover the sun-blocking net.
3. Seedling Management: It is crucial to thin and transplant seedlings in time after they emerge to cultivate strong seedlings. About 10 days after the seedlings emerge, thin the overgrown ones, and do it again when the seedlings are a bit bigger, maintaining a distance of 3-5 centimeters between plants. About 20 days after the seedlings emerge, the original nutrient area is limited, so they should be transplanted once. The requirements for the transplanting bed are the same as for the seedbed, with a row spacing of 7-10 centimeters. Cover with a sun-blocking net for shade and water while transplanting. Keep the seedbed moist after transplanting to ensure the survival of the seedlings. Broccoli seedlings do not require much fertilizer in the early stage; just pay attention to watering to prevent drought. In the mid-late growth stage, if there is a lack of fertilizer, you can apply decomposed animal waste water or a 0.2% solution of urea or compound fertilizer 1-2 times to make the broccoli seedlings grow strong.
4. Land Preparation and Fertilization: Choose fertile and loose land, deeply plow and level it, and make narrow high beds 1 meter wide or wide high beds 2 meters wide. Plant 2 or 4 rows per bed with a窝距 of 40-45 centimeters and apply base fertilizer by digging holes, with 3000 kilograms of decomposed manure and 20 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu.
5. Transplanting: About 30 days after sowing, when the seedlings have 5-6 true leaves, the stem is 0.5 centimeters thick, and the plant height is 12-15 centimeters, the seedlings can be transplanted to the field. If the seedlings are too old, the roots will be damaged too severely during transplanting, and if the seedlings are too small, their resistance will be weak. Therefore, in addition to paying attention to the cultivation of strong seedlings and mastering the standard of seedling age, it is also necessary to choose overcast days or before and after rain for transplanting. Water the seedbed thoroughly before transplanting, and wait about an hour before pulling the seedlings to ensure they have more soil and less root damage.
6. Field Management:
Broccoli prefers humidity and requires a lot of water and fertilizer to produce high-yield and high-quality inflorescences. To ensure a strong leafy canopy, it is necessary to apply 1-2 times of thin dung water after the seedlings have taken root, especially after entering the rosette stage, when the plants grow vigorously and require more water and fertilizer. You can add 50-100 grams of urea and compound fertilizer to each担 of animal waste water and apply it 3 times. Broccoli likes water but is afraid of waterlogging. After rain, it is necessary to drain the water, and in dry weather, it is necessary to water. Apply a heavy dose of fertilizer during the budding stage to promote the development of the inflorescence and increase yield.
Bundling the leaves is an important measure to ensure the quality of broccoli. When the inflorescence first appears, bring the large leaves on the outside of the inflorescence inward to wrap the inflorescence and then tie it with straw.
7. Harvesting: The green, flat spherical inflorescence clusters produced at the top of the main stem of broccoli are compact at first and then gradually become loose, but at this time, the inflorescence has not yet opened. It should be harvested at this time to ensure quality. Harvesting too late not only reduces the quality of the inflorescence but also affects the emergence of lateral inflorescences. After the main inflorescence is harvested, the axillary buds on the main stem will grow into lateral branches, and the top of the lateral branches will also produce inflorescence clusters, which can be harvested when they grow to 20-25 centimeters. This can be done 2-3 times. After each harvest, apply a thin layer of fertilizer to promote the germination and growth of the lateral inflorescences.
The above comprehensive method explanation of broccoli planting methods and process, and the best fertilizers for broccoli is hoped to be a modest contribution that can solve your problems in green planting.