Orchid Varieties
As one of the oldest groups of higher plants, orchids have become the darlings of the floral world with their elegant posture and unique temperament. Faced with nearly 20,000 orchid species, many gardening enthusiasts are often confused about species identification and care differences. Mastering a scientific classification method can truly appreciate the wonders of this plant kingdom.
Classification Methods of Orchid Varieties
Three Major Growth Forms
According to the differences in growth substrates, orchids can be divided into: • Epiphytic orchids: growing on moss or tree trunks • Terrestrial orchids: obtaining nutrients from soil • Saprophytic orchids: depending on symbiotic fungi for survivalThis classification directly affects the choice of cultivation substrates, such as Phalaenopsis needing loose bark substrates, while Cymbidium is suitable for humus soil.
Geographical Distribution Characteristics
Most native Chinese varieties belong to terrestrial orchids, such as Cymbidium and Hemerocallis; tropical regions are rich in epiphytic orchids, such as Cattleya and Dendrobium. Understanding the origin environment can help simulate the best growth conditions.
Classic Orchid Appreciation Points
Cymbidium: Fragrant and Elegant Scholar
As a representative of terrestrial orchids, Cymbidium is most widely distributed in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. Its blooming period is from January to March, with petals in yellow-green with purple patterns, emitting a faint fragrance similar to sandalwood. It is recommended to maintain a growth temperature of 15-25°C and avoid direct sunlight.
Cymbidium lentaginum: Winter Sprite
Leaves are thin and long like swords, with the blooming period from November to February of the following year. Petals often have a transparent texture and require a day-night temperature difference of 10°C to promote flowering. Typical varieties include Qinghanlan and Zihanlan.
Phalaenopsis: Exemplary Foreign Orchid
A star variety among epiphytic orchids, with the optimal temperature of 20-28°C. The flower stem naturally hangs down to form a waterfall shape, with a single flower lasting up to 2 months. Pay attention to maintaining 60% air humidity and avoid water accumulation in the leaf heart.
Cymbidium hookerianum: New Year's Messenger
Also known as Baosui Orchid, its blooming period coincides with the Chinese New Year. The deep purple petals have a waxy luster and require repotting and补充 bone meal annually. It is relatively shade-tolerant and suitable for indoor desktop placement.
Through systematic classification and variety comparison, we can more accurately grasp the growth patterns of different orchids. Whether it's the simplicity of terrestrial orchids or the brilliance of epiphytic orchids, each orchid is performing its unique aesthetics of life. It is recommended for beginners to start with Cymbidium, which has strong adaptability, and gradually explore more possibilities in the orchid world.