Common Shrubs
Compared to the common shrubs known by most people and the explanation of three common flowering shrubs in the aspect of green plants and flowers, the following will introduce you to them.
I. Rose of China
Rose of China (Rosa chinensis Jacq.) is an evergreen or semi-evergreen dwarf shrub of the Rosaceae, Rosaceae family, known as the "Queen of Flowers" and also called "Monthly Red". It blooms all year round and can be used as an ornamental plant as well as a medicinal plant. Modern roses have various shapes, including single and double petals, and beautiful flower shapes such as high-hearted and rolled edges; their colors are bright and rich, not only in red, pink, yellow, white and other single colors, but also in mixed colors and silver edges. Most varieties are fragrant.
There are nearly 10,000 varieties of roses worldwide, and more than a thousand in our country. Rose flowers are beautiful and colorful, bloom all year round, and are deeply loved by people. 52 cities in our country have chosen it as the city flower, and in May 1985, it was rated as one of the top ten famous flowers in our country.
1. Morphological characteristics
Rose flowers are 1-2 meters high; the young branches are strong, cylindrical, almost hairless, and have short, thick, hook-shaped thorns.
2. Growth habits
Rose flowers are not strict about climate and soil requirements, but loose, fertile, organic-rich, slightly acidic, and well-drained loamy soil is more suitable. They prefer warm, sunny, and well-ventilated environments. The optimal temperature for most varieties is 15-26℃ during the day and 10-15℃ at night. When the temperature is lower than 5℃ in winter, they enter dormancy. Some varieties can tolerate low temperatures of -15℃ and high temperatures of 35℃; when the temperature is continuously above 30℃ in summer, they enter a semi-dormant state, the plant growth is poor, although they can form buds, the flowers are small, the petals are few, the color is dull and lacks luster, losing ornamental value.
3. Distribution status
China is one of the original habitats of rose flowers, mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of Hubei, Sichuan, and Gansu provinces, especially in cities such as Shanghai, Nanjing, Changzhou, Tianjin, Zhengzhou, and Beijing.
4. Garden use
Rose flowers are indispensable in landscape gardening. Rose is the most frequently used flower in gardens in the north and south. It is the main ornamental flower in spring, with a long blooming period, high ornamental value, and low price. It can be used for garden layouts, flower beds, flower borders, courtyards, can be made into rose盆景, and can also be used as cut flowers, flower baskets, and bouquets. Due to its climbing growth habit, it is mainly used for vertical greening and has a unique role in beautifying garden street scenes. If it can form a pleasing road and flower pillars, and make various arch, grid, and frame structures for roses to climb on, and after proper pruning and shaping, it can decorate buildings.
II. Peony
Peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a perennial deciduous small shrub of the Paeoniaceae, Paeonia family. The flowers are colorful and magnificent, known as the "King of Flowers". Peony flowers are large and fragrant, hence the reputation of "National Color and Fragrance".
Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi once said: "The peony in the courtyard is enchanting without style, the lotus in the pool is clean and less emotional. Only the peony has the true national color, and when it blooms, it moves the capital." Peony is a unique woody precious flower in China, with thousands of years of natural growth and more than 1500 years of artificial cultivation history. In the late Qing Dynasty, peony was once considered as the national flower of China. In May 1985, peony was rated as one of the top ten famous flowers in China.
Peonies are generally divided into wild species, semi-wild species, and horticultural cultivated species.
Cultivated peonies have peony series, purple spot peony series, yellow peony series, etc., usually divided into eight color series: dark purple, white, yellow, pink, red, purple, snow green, and green. According to the blooming period, they are divided into early, middle, and late blooming types, and according to the flower structure, they are divided into single flower and platform两类, and there are single-petal, double-petal, and thousand-leaf differences. The cultivation and research of peonies are increasingly prosperous, and the varieties are also increasing, with more than 500 species produced in China, including famous varieties such as Yao Huang, Wei Zi, Zhao Fen, Er Qiao, Li Hua Xue, Jin Lun Huang, Bing Ling Zhao Hong Shi, Yao Chi Chun, Zhang Hua An, Shou An Hong, Ge Jing Zi, Lan Tian Yu, Wu Long Wu Mo Chi, Dou Lu, etc.
1. Morphological characteristics
Peony stems can reach 2 meters high; branches are short and thick.
2. Growth habits
Peony prefers warm, cool, dry, and sunny environments. It likes sunshine, is shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, drought-tolerant, slightly alkali-tolerant,积水-avoiding, heat-avoiding, and afraid of direct sunlight. It is suitable to grow in loose, deep, fertile, well-drained, neutral sandy loam soil; it grows poorly in acidic or heavy soil. Sufficient sunlight is beneficial to its growth, but it does not tolerate strong summer sunlight, and temperatures above 25℃ will cause the plant to enter a dormant state.
3. Distribution status
China has abundant peony resources, and peonies are planted all over the country. The largest and most concentrated peony cultivation areas are Heze, Luoyang, Pengzhou, Beijing, Linxia, Tongling, etc. After the peony farmers in the Central Plains went to Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Hainan for winter peony forcing, peonies have settled in these regions, making peony cultivation widespread across the country.
4. Garden use
Peony flowers are rich in color, large and beautiful, and have excellent color and fragrance, and have always been loved by people. In gardens, they are often planted in clusters or singly for ornamental purposes, some are made into special gardens for species research or key greening, and can also be planted in pots for cut flower cultivation.
III. Lilac
Lilac (Syringa oblata Lindl.) is a deciduous shrub or small tree of the Oleaceae, Syringa family, also known as purple lilac, north China purple lilac, Bai Jie, Qing Ke, Long Shaozi. The purple lilac is native to North China. It has been cultivated for more than 1000 years nationwide and is a famous flower in China. In spring, the large and beautiful inflorescences cover the entire plant, fragrant and have excellent ornamental effects, making it a famous flowering tree for garden planting.
1. Morphological characteristics
Purple lilac is a shrub or small tree, up to 5 meters high; the bark is grayish-brown or gray. The young branches are yellowish-brown, initially pubescent, then gradually deciduous. The inflorescence axis, pedicel, bract, calyx, young leaves, and petioles are all hairless and densely pubescent. The branches are thicker, with sparse lenticels.
2. Growth habits
Lilac grows on mountain slopes, forests, ravine streams, roadsides in valleys, and river beaches at altitudes of 300-2400 meters. It is commonly cultivated in gardens in the north of the Yangtze River in China. It prefers warm, humid, and sunny climates, and many species also have a certain degree of cold resistance.
3. Distribution status
Lilac is distributed centered on Qinling, with Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet all having it. It is commonly cultivated in gardens in the north of the Yangtze River. It is widely cultivated in various temperate regions of the world.
4. Garden use
Lilac flowers are fragrant and are one of the famous ornamental trees. Purple lilac is a unique precious flower in China, with a history of more than 1000 years of cultivation, and it is also widely planted in European and American gardens. The plants are full and beautiful, with dense leaves and unique fragrance, widely planted in gardens, government offices, factories, residential areas, etc. They are often planted in clusters in front of buildings, around tea houses and pavilions, scattered on both sides of garden paths, and in lawns; planted with other species of lilacs to form a special garden, creating a beautiful, elegant, fragrant, green, and leafy area with continuous blooming, with excellent effects; they can also be potted, cut flowers, etc.
The above introduction of common shrubs and the inventory of three common flowering shrubs introduced by Green Enthusiast Network [www.lvzhimi.com] are for everyone to learn and understand!