Rose grafting method
Roses, with their colorful and beautiful flowers, have become the favorite of horticulture enthusiasts, and grafting technique is the core method for cultivating high-quality roses. Scientific grafting can not only enhance the disease resistance of the plant, but also achieve special effects such as coexistence of multiple flower colors and extended blooming period. This article will illustrate the five key steps in detail with pictures to help you master this art of plant propagation easily.
Golden rules of rose grafting
Best timing selection
The grafting window is concentrated in spring and autumn (March-April / September-October), when the average daily temperature is stable between 18-25 degrees Celsius. Special attention should be paid to: avoiding the late spring cold period in spring, and completing the grafting 30 days before the frost in autumn. The survival rate can be increased by 40% when the air humidity is controlled at 65%±5%. Stop watering 3 days before grafting to reduce the water content of the scion.
Optimal strategy for rootstock selection
It is recommended to use three-year-old wild roses (Rosa multiflora) as the rootstock, which has the following advantages: ① Well-developed root system (main root up to 80cm long) ② 3 times higher resistance to root knot disease ③ Long active period of cambium cells. Experimental data show that the grafting success rate of rootstock with a diameter of 1.2-1.5cm is as high as 92%, which is 27% higher than that of thinner rootstock.
Complete analysis of rose bud grafting process
Scion treatment tips
Select semi-lignified branches of the current year, retaining 3 full buds. Use a 45-degree oblique cutting method, and the length of the incision should be 2-3 times the diameter of the scion (about 2.5cm). The incision should be completed within 30 seconds to prevent the formation of oxidation membrane from affecting healing.
T-shaped incision surgery
Make a T-shaped incision reaching 0.3mm into the xylem on the north side of the rootstock (avoiding the strong light side) 15cm from the ground with a sterile blade. The horizontal incision of 1cm + the vertical incision of 2.5cm form a golden ratio to ensure full contact of the cambium. Professional operation needs to control the force to avoid damaging the vascular bundle.
Technique of binding with tape
Use 0.03mm thick PE grafting film and adopt a spiral wrapping method (overlapping 1/3 width) for bandaging. Focus on sealing the upper part of the incision, leaving a 0.5cm ventilation gap at the lower part. The tightness of the bandage should be loose enough to insert (Y-H-K) without falling off, as too tight will inhibit the formation of callus.
Scientific maintenance after grafting
Implement three controls after grafting: ① Humidity control: maintain 85% air humidity for the first 72 hours ② Light control: set up a 50% shading net for 15 days ③ Nutrition control: spray 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days. When the new buds have 3 leaves, gradually remove the bandage on cloudy evenings, and apply healing agent to the incision to prevent infection.
By accurately mastering the spatiotemporal parameters and operation details of grafting, a survival rate of over 95% can be achieved. It is recommended for beginners to start with single-bud grafting, and after the cambium docking technique is skilled, try advanced techniques such as embedded bud grafting and bark grafting. Regularly observe the healing condition of the graft joint and deal with the suckers of the rootstock in time. You can obtain strong grafted seedling plants after half a year.