The Grafting Method of Rose Trees and Subsequent Management
Rose grafting is an important technique to enhance plant resistance and achieve flower color innovation. By scientifically selecting rootstocks and scions and cooperating with standardized operational procedures, the survival rate of grafting can reach over 90%. This article systematically analyzes the key points of the whole process from controlling the timing of grafting to post-care, helping gardening enthusiasts master this practical technique.
Core Technology Analysis of Rose Grafting
Precise Control of Grafting Time Window
1. In areas south of the Yangtze River, it is suitable to choose from mid-April to late October, when the daily average temperature is stable at 18-25°C. 2. In colder northern regions, it is recommended to implement from mid-May to late September, avoiding frost periods. 3. The cambium layer is active in spring and autumn, which are the golden periods for grafting. It is recommended to operate on windless and overcast days.
Scientific Ratio of Rootstock and Scion
1. Wild roses are preferred as rootstocks, as their main roots can reach 1.2 meters deep, improving resistance to root rot by 40%. 2. The scion should be selected from the current year's semi-woody branches, retaining 3-4 full buds. 3. The diameter of the rootstock is recommended to be 0.8-1.5 cm, with an alignment error of less than 1mm with the scion's cambium layer.
Standard Bud Grafting Operation Specifications
1. T-shaped incision: Make a 2 cm vertical incision and a 1 cm horizontal incision 15 cm above the ground on the rootstock. 2. Cutting the bud: Make a 45-degree斜削 to cut a bud piece with 0.3 cm of xylem. 3. Alignment and fixation: Align the top of the bud piece with the horizontal incision of the rootstock and seal with 0.03mm grafting film.
Systematic Care Plan for Rose Grafted Trees
Growth Regulation Management
1. The first topping should be done 7 days after grafting, retaining 3-4 pairs of leaves to promote branching. 2. When the new shoots reach 15 cm, a second topping is performed, combined with 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer. 3. Timely remove the suckers from the rootstock to prevent nutrient diversion.
Environmental Adaptation Management
1. Timing of untying: After the new buds become woody (about 45 days), untie the binding tape in two steps. 2. Light transition: Maintain a 50% shading rate for the first two weeks, gradually increasing to full sunlight. 3. Water and fertilizer management: After survival, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1000 every 10 days, combined with microbial agents to improve the soil.
Comprehensive Pest and Disease Control
1. Use a 600-fold solution of carbendazim in the early stage of grafting to prevent canker disease. 2. Hang yellow sticky boards during the new shoot stage to control aphids. 3. Spray mancozeb before the rainy season to prevent black spot disease.
Through precise grafting and scientific care, the grafted rose trees can form a complete crown in the same year. It is recommended to record growth data monthly, establish a care档案 (care record), and gradually transition to extensive management within three years. Mastering these core technologies, ordinary enthusiasts can also cultivate high-quality rose trees with strong resistance and abundant flowers.