The Growing Environment and Characteristics of Strawberries
This article provides a detailed explanation of the growing environment and characteristics of strawberries, focusing on the knowledge of green plants and flowers. Below is a detailed introduction.
The Growing Environment and Characteristics of Strawberries
Strawberries are light-loving plants but also have strong shade tolerance. They prefer cool and warm climates, with a suitable growth temperature of 15-22°C. They require a high amount of water, and planting is generally best done in spring and autumn, with autumn being the main season. If planting in spring, it is mainly done using seedlings with viable roots. In autumn, cultivation is mainly done using seeds.
Morphological Characteristics and Appearance of Strawberries
Strawberries are perennial herbaceous plants. They can grow 10-40 cm tall, with stems shorter than or equal to the leaves, densely covered with yellow down. The leaves are trifoliate, with short petioles, thick texture, and obovate or rhombic shape. The upper surface is dark green with almost no hair, while the lower surface is pale white green with sparse hair, denser along the veins, and the petioles are densely covered with yellow down.Suitable Growing Environment and Conditions for Strawberries
Strawberries originate from South America and are mainly distributed in Asia, Europe, and America. In China, they are distributed in Hebei Province, Shandong Province, and many southern cities. The national strawberry planting area is over 1.5 million mu, with production mainly distributed in Sichuan, Hebei, Anhui, Liaoning, and Shandong. Strawberries grow in environments that are light-loving but also have strong shade tolerance. When exposed to strong light, the plants are shorter, the fruits are smaller, the color is darker, and the quality is better. With moderate lighting, the fruits are larger, the color is lighter, the sugar content is lower, and the harvest period is longer. Strawberry roots are shallow, with a large transpiration capacity, and have strict water requirements. However, the water requirements for strawberries are slightly different during different growth periods. In early spring and during flowering, strawberries require less than 70% of the maximum soil water holding capacity. During fruit growth and maturation, the demand is the highest, reaching more than 80%. After harvesting, when producing stolons and adventitious roots, the soil moisture content should not be lower than 70%. In autumn, which is the period for plant nutrient accumulation and flower bud formation, the soil moisture content should not be lower than 60%. Strawberries are suitable for growing in fertile, loose, neutral, or slightly acidic soil. Heavy clay soil is not suitable for cultivation, while sandy soil can also be used for strawberry cultivation with the addition of sufficient manure and frequent watering. Strawberries generally prefer a temperature of 15-22°C for growth. The root growth temperature is 5-30°C, with an optimal temperature of 15-22°C. The optimal temperature for stem and leaf growth is 20-30°C. Buds can be damaged by frost at temperatures below -15 to -10°C. The temperature during flower bud differentiation must be maintained at 5-15°C, and during the flowering and fruiting period, it is 4-40°C. During the hot summer, when the temperature is above 30°C and sunlight is strong, shading measures should be taken.The Growth Process of Strawberries
Strawberries go through several stages of growth and development from growth to fruiting. In the spring and summer, the main stems of old plants will produce many stolons, and a small seedling will grow at the top of each stolon. Under the short-daylight conditions of autumn, the seedlings will undergo flower bud differentiation. After successful differentiation, they enter the flower bud development stage. After a certain period of development, strawberries will flower and fruit.Strawberry Planting Time and Methods
Cultivating strawberries is generally best done in spring and autumn, with autumn being the main season. The reason is that if cultivated in spring, mainly viable seedlings with roots are used for planting. In autumn, cultivation is mainly done using seeds. If using seeds for autumn cultivation, it is best to collect well-developed seeds during the mature period in spring, wash off the fruit pulp impurities in water, and then dry them in a cool environment. If using seedlings for spring cultivation, it is generally necessary to retain the soil on the roots. Before planting, it is best to choose a clay pot, which is beneficial for root drainage. Add an appropriate amount of nutrient-rich soil to the pot, and level the soil before planting. Before planting, soak the seeds in warm water for 8-9 hours, then plant them in the soil after absorbing water and swelling. Cover them with a thin layer of soil about 0.5 cm thick. If using seedlings, they can be planted directly, and the soil should be kept moist.Declaration: This article "The Growing Environment and Characteristics of Strawberries" is compiled by flower enthusiasts. If there are any inaccuracies in the content, please contact us for modification. If this content inadvertently infringes upon your rights, please contact QQ: 58589584 to immediately delete it.
Knowledge Expansion
Can Strawberry Seedlings Be Exposed to the Sun?
Strawberry seedlings can be exposed to the sun because they require sunlight for photosynthesis. If they are placed in a dark environment for a long time, the plant branches and leaves will turn yellow. When raising strawberry seedlings, it is necessary to allow them to receive full natural sunlight during the spring, autumn, and winter seasons. In summer, shading measures should be taken for strawberry seedlings.
Strawberry seedlings generally start to grow in spring, and it is fine to expose them to the sun at this time. However, there are requirements for the intensity and duration of sunlight exposure. Otherwise, the seedlings may be damaged and die. Moreover, the weather conditions are also important when the seedlings are exposed to sunlight.
Strawberry seedlings are very fragile and sensitive to sunlight. They should not be exposed to sunlight before the seedlings emerge. After one week of transplanting the seedlings, they can be exposed to softer, shaded, and sun-protected scattered light. If the sunlight is too strong, the seedlings may be sunburned and wither.
During the growth and development of strawberry seedlings, it is best for growers to build a shading shed so that the seedlings can grow in the shade. It is also important to remind you that good ventilation is necessary to prevent the seedlings from being affected by bacteria and pests due to a closed environment.
If strawberry seedlings are accidentally sunburned, there is no need to panic. Observe the extent of the sunburn. If it is only a minor sunburn, dig out the affected seedlings and discard them. If it is a large area of sunburn, it may be necessary to replant them.
How Much Can a Strawberry Greenhouse with 4 Mu Earn in a Year?
Under normal circumstances, a strawberry greenhouse with 4 mu can earn at least 60,000 yuan. Of course, the price of strawberries is related to their quality. Strawberries of different qualities vary greatly in price. If the strawberries are large, of good quality, and sweet, they can be sold for 15-25 yuan per catty. If the quality is poor, it is also possible to lose money.
How Much Can a Strawberry Greenhouse with 4 Mu Earn in a Year?
There are many suitable areas for planting strawberries in our country, but the areas with large planting areas are more familiar to everyone. Everyone knows that now, no matter what project is planted, it cannot be planted blindly. It is necessary to investigate and understand the market demand.① Investment Cost
Only after the strawberry planting is successful can the profit be calculated.
Seedling Cost
The planting methods of strawberries are divided into greenhouse and greenhouse. Taking greenhouse planting as an example, approximately 8,000 strawberry seedlings can be planted per mu, and the current cost of strawberry seedlings is about 0.4 yuan per seedling. Therefore, the cost of seedlings per mu is about 3,000 yuan.
Land Rent Investment
Rent for land is also indispensable in strawberry cultivation. The rent for one mu of land is generally about 700 yuan.
Fertilizer and Pesticide
Strawberries require a lot of nutrition, and the cost of fertilizer input during planting is relatively high. Moreover, strawberries have weak disease resistance, so the input of pesticides is also considerable, totaling about 1,000 yuan per mu.
Greenhouse Construction Cost
The cost of constructing a greenhouse is relatively high. Taking a common steel pipe greenhouse as an example, it requires various expenses such as steel pipes and greenhouse film. The total cost of the greenhouse is about 6,000 yuan.
Manual and Miscellaneous Expenses
Calculate 2,000 yuan per mu, plus 500 yuan per mu for plastic film, drip irrigation, and other miscellaneous expenses, totaling 2,500 yuan.
According to the analysis above, the planting cost of one mu of strawberries, including labor, fertilizer, seedlings, and other aspects, is about 13,000-15,000 yuan.② Profit
The yield of strawberries per mu is generally 4 to 5 dry catties, with a high yield of 6 dry catties. The price is generally 7 to 15 yuan per catty, fluctuating with the season. Special varieties can be sold for 15 to 30 yuan per catty. The output value is basically 30,000 to 40,000 yuan.
Therefore, one mu of strawberries can generally earn 15,000-20,000 yuan. If it is 4 mu, it can earn at least 60,000 yuan.
Factors Related to the Income of One Mu of Strawberries
1. Related to the yield and price of strawberries
When strawberries are mature, they can be picked every 2 to 3 days. The yield per mu of strawberries in a season depends on the variety, with some being as high as 3 tons and an average of about 1.5 tons.
Greenhouse planting, such as the most common variety "Changji," has a yield of about 1,800 kg per mu, while "Tian Charlie" can reach 4,000 kg. The price is generally 10-15 yuan per catty, and the annual gross income can reach 30,000-50,000 yuan, allowing for the recovery of the investment cost in one year.
2. Related to geographical location
If the geographical location is good, transportation is convenient, and planting is on a large scale with proper publicity, it is possible to conduct visitor picking in the park. Each visitor pays an entrance fee, and those who take away the picked strawberries pay an additional fee. Such income can be considerable, reaching 60,000-70,000 yuan.
3. Related to investment
Greenhouse investment is large, with high output and strong commercial value of strawberries. Outdoor cultivation requires less investment and has lower output.
Previously, we went strawberry picking with our children, but due to the epidemic, we did not go to the greenhouse park. Instead, we went to outdoor picking. The variety we picked was cream strawberry, which has a good taste, being fragrant and sweet, and the children liked it very much.
Why Do Strawberry Leaves Turn Yellow?
The most common reason for strawberry leaves turning yellow is lack of water. Strawberries require sufficient water during growth. Long periods without watering will cause the leaves to turn yellow, and suddenly pouring a large amount of water can also cause yellowing of the leaves. Strawberries also require sufficient nutrients for growth. If there is a lack of calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium, and other trace elements, strawberries can also develop yellow leaves.
Why Do Strawberry Leaves Turn Yellow?
The most common reason for strawberry leaves turning yellow is lack of water. Strawberries require sufficient water during growth. Long periods without watering will cause the leaves to turn yellow, and suddenly pouring a large amount of water can also cause yellowing of the leaves.
1. Sufficient Nutrients: Strawberries also require sufficient nutrients for growth. If there is a lack of calcium, zinc, iron, magnesium, and other trace elements, strawberries can also develop yellow leaves.
2. Bacterial Invasion: If strawberries are invaded by bacteria during growth, they can become diseased, affecting the leaves and causing them to turn yellow and wither.
3. Excessive Use of Herbicides: When using herbicides to weed strawberries, if the dosage is not controlled, it can cause damage to the strawberries, leading to yellowing of the leaves.
What to Do When Strawberry Leaves Turn Yellow?
1. Keep the soil moisture at 60% and water in time if it is dry. If too much water is poured, it should be drained immediately to prevent waterlogging from affecting root respiration.
2. It is necessary to supplement strawberry seedlings with trace element fertilizer in a timely manner, and they will generally recover after 1-2 applications.
3. If large-scale planting is done and strawberry seedlings are found to be affected by bacteria, they should be removed in a timely manner to prevent the spread of the disease to healthy seedlings. Additionally, root irrigation with drugs such as pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole should be done 3-4 times.
Related Issues
How to Grow Cream Strawberries?
Seeking help, how to grow cream strawberries? It's frustrating... The solution is as follows: I want to grow some strawberries, but I don't know how to take care of them. Should I plant seeds or seedlings? Please tell me more details, thank you! Definitely plant strawberry seedlings. After a strawberry grows, it can produce several seedlings, which can be dug out and planted again. They need to be watered and fertilized frequently, and if seedlings are produced, they should be removed to avoid picking them.
When Should Strawberries Be Transplanted in the Open Field in Spring?
Seeking help, when should strawberries be transplanted in the open field in spring? It's frustrating... The solution is as follows: No, strawberries are recommended to be transplanted in August-September. This period allows them to adapt to the soil more quickly. They generally need to be sown in June-July. After the seedlings emerge, they can be transplanted. Do not transplant on cloudy or rainy days. During the transplantation process, it is necessary to prepare the soil that they like to grow in, so that they can grow well in the soil. Methods for transplanting strawberries in the open field: 1. Choosing Potting Soil First, prepare the potting soil they like to grow in...
What is the Highest Yielding Strawberry Variety?
Could you please tell me the highest yielding strawberry variety? How to solve it? The solution is as follows: Hello, there are many high-yielding strawberry varieties, such as Saiva, Zhangji, Hongyan, Tian Charlie, etc. However, besides the impact of the variety, the quality of care also determines the yield. During the growth period, it is necessary to provide sufficient water and fertilizer to help them store nutrients. After fruiting, they also need to be given sufficient sunlight and prevent pests and diseases to avoid reduced yields. 1. Strawberries may need to be top-dressed during flowering, generally with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, because during flowering and fruiting...
How Long Does It Take for Strawberries to Recover?
Could you please tell me how long it takes for strawberries to recover? How to solve it? The solution is as follows: During the recovery period, it is necessary to apply a thin layer of fertilizer frequently. Because the roots of strawberries may be damaged during transplantation, and many roots need to regenerate after changing the environment. If too much fertilizer is applied at this time, it can easily cause burning of the seedlings. It is recommended to apply fertilizer during the recovery period, but attention must be paid to applying a thin layer of fertilizer frequently and fully watering.
How to Pollinate Strawberries on a Balcony?
Could you please tell me how to pollinate strawberries on a balcony? How to solve it? The solution is as follows: Strawberries can be manually pollinated. The best time for manual pollination of strawberries is from 10 am to 3 pm every day. The method of pollination is to gently touch the flower buds of a flower with a cotton swab, paintbrush, or soft brush (the brush head must be soft) on the inner side of the petals and the outer side of the stamens, and then brush the convex part in the middle of the flower (pistil). One by one in order, continue to do so, and all the flowers should be brushed.
Are Strawberries Easy to Grow?
Are strawberries easy to grow? I don't know what to do, sincerely seeking help. The solution is as follows: Strawberries are certainly not unfamiliar to many people because they are a common fruit in our lives. 1. Soil Strawberries are suitable for growing in loose and fertile slightly acidic soil. Too heavy soil has poor air permeability and drainage, which is not conducive to the growth of strawberries.
The suitable temperature for strawberry growth is 5-30°C. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect their growth. If the temperature exceeds 30°C, corresponding shading measures should be taken.
Can Strawberries Be Exposed to the Sun After Being Planted?
Seeking help, can strawberries be exposed to the sun after being planted? It's frustrating... The solution is as follows: Strawberries need to be planted in a sunny and warm environment. Since they are planted in pots, water evaporates quickly. If the plant wilts at noon, do not water it. Simply move the pot to a shaded place. Strawberries belong to the Rosaceae family and the Fragaria genus, originally from Chile. Their leaves are evergreen, their flowers are elegant and fragrant, their fruits are bright red and beautiful, and they can be both admired and eaten. They are also suitable for planting in pots or in the ground, making them an excellent choice for home flower cultivation.
Why Do Strawberries Only Grow Leaves and Not Flowers?
Strawberries only grow leaves and do not flower? I don't know what to do, sincerely seeking help. The solution is as follows: This is a normal phenomenon. Because strawberries can only flower and fruit after forming flower buds. Flower buds are formed on leaf buds, and the physiological and morphological process of leaf buds transforming into flower buds is called flower bud differentiation. The quantity and quality of flower bud differentiation are one of the main factors affecting strawberry yield. Strawberry flower bud differentiation is influenced by both internal and external factors. (1