Where do seedless watermelons get their seeds from?
This article provides a detailed introduction to the aspect of green plants and flowers regarding where seedless watermelons get their seeds from. Let's take a look together.
Where do seedless watermelons get their seeds from?
Seedless watermelon seeds, after mutation cultivation, are artificially induced to become tetraploid watermelons using colchicine, which are then crossed with ordinary watermelons. Seedless watermelons do not produce mature black granular seeds in their fruits, only a very few and poorly developed white immature seeds. By stimulating the ovary of the triple-ploid plant flowers with the mature pollen of diploid ordinary watermelons, a triple-ploid fruit is formed, hence the name triple-ploid seedless watermelon.
Seedless watermelon seeds, after mutation cultivation and artificial induction to become tetraploid watermelons using colchicine, must be intercropped with ordinary watermelons to ensure the final quality.
How do seedless watermelons get their seeds?
1. Mutation cultivation
Seedless watermelons do not produce mature black granular seeds in their fruits, only a very few and poorly developed white immature seeds. Therefore, the fruit seed planting method commonly used in watermelon cultivation cannot be used, and mutation cultivation method through hybridization must be employed to obtain seeds.
2. Cultivation method
Using ordinary diploid seeded watermelons as the female parent, after planting and cultivating, colchicine is used for mutagenic transformation to make it into a special tetraploid watermelon variety.
Then, select high-quality diploid seeded watermelons as the male parent and cross them with the tetraploid watermelon as the female parent to obtain the triple-ploid seedless watermelon.
3. Mixed variety planting
When planting seedless watermelons, it is not possible to plant only seedless watermelons in a piece of land. Some seeded watermelons also need to be planted scatteredly.
This is because the triple-ploid seedless watermelon has abnormal chromosome pairing and cannot reproduce normally. It needs to use the pollen of diploid ordinary watermelons for pollination and propagation of offspring.
How are seedless watermelons cultivated?
1. Treat diploid watermelon seeds or seedlings with colchicine
Treat diploid watermelon seeds or seedlings with colchicine to hinder the formation of spindle fibers and primary walls during cell division, preventing the duplicated chromosome sets from separating to the two poles and forming secondary walls in the middle.
After such cultivation, the result is the formation of cells with doubled chromosome sets, making the ordinary diploid watermelon chromosomes double and obtaining a tetraploid watermelon plant.
2. Crossbreeding with diploid watermelon plants
Then crossbreed with diploid watermelon plants to obtain triple-ploid seeds. The triple-ploid seeds develop into triple-ploid plants, which, due to the disordered synapsis of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, cannot form normal reproductive cells.
By stimulating the ovary of the triple-ploid plant flowers with the mature pollen of diploid ordinary watermelons, a triple-ploid fruit is formed. Because its ovules cannot develop into seeds, it is called triple-ploid seedless watermelon.
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