What are the common绿化 plants
The article talks about the common绿化 plants and introduces the green plants and flowers commonly used in greening projects. Next, the editor will provide you with a detailed explanation.
Landscape trees, also known as solitary trees, ornamental trees, sample trees, or isolated trees, are generally trees with beautiful shapes, tall and majestic, with unique personalities and characteristics, and long lifespans. They are usually selected for their beautiful flowers, fruits, bark, or foliage and can be deciduous or evergreen. These trees can stand alone as attractions for admiration.
What is the use of landscape trees?
Landscape trees are specifically used in urban construction, park greening, and municipal greening projects across various regions to beautify landscapes and green the environment. They are usually planted in nurseries, categorized into different grades based on their shapes. They include all ornamental individual species that make up the landscape forest and trees that can be considered independent attractions in different spatial environments. The main difference between them and landscape forests is that they enter the series of scenic spots based on their individual ornamental images, with their attraction mainly relying on the species' beauty, age, rarity, famous person planting, and unique shapes. Landscape trees can also be planted alongside roads, by ponds, in front of corridors and pavilions, or matched with rocks and buildings, or scattered in small scenic areas in groups of three to five, forming a natural and interesting layout, or arranged in a formal layout in areas with an axial design.
Principles and requirements for plant selection in landscape greening
1. Suitable trees for suitable locations
When selecting plants, not only should trees, shrubs, and grasses of various levels and colors be combined and matched reasonably to achieve the purposes of coloring, beautifying, and greening, but they should also be most adaptable to the site conditions of the planting location.
2. Native species as the main, with exotic species as auxiliary
Tree selection should fully consider the regional distribution patterns and characteristics of plants. Native species are best adapted to local climatic and soil conditions, have strong resistance, drought resistance, and resistance to pests and diseases, and have high ornamental value, reflecting local characteristics, and should be selected as the main species for urban greening. At the same time, to enrich the green landscape, attention should also be paid to the introduction, acclimatization, and experimentation of exotic species. As long as they are adapted to the local ecological conditions and proven suitable, they should be actively used. However, it is not advisable to blindly introduce species from other regions that are not suitable for local growth.
3. Select plants with strong resistance
Strong resistance refers to having a strong ability to resist soil acidity, salinity, drought, flooding, infertility, and adverse climatic conditions, as well as smoke and harmful gases.
4. Meet the specific functional requirements of various green spaces
For green spaces that focus on shade, tall and leafy trees should be selected; for green spaces that focus on ornamental purposes, plants with excellent color, fragrance, posture, and rhythm should be chosen; for green spaces that focus on absorbing harmful gases, plants with strong absorption and pollution resistance should be selected. It is necessary to choose plants that are aesthetically pleasing, with unique features in color, style, seasonal changes, and those that can purify the air to better beautify the cityscape, improve the environment, and promote public health.
5. Have good ornamental value while considering certain economic value
Garden trees suitable for comprehensive utilization should meet garden functional requirements, be easy to cultivate and manage, and can produce a proportional amount of wood, fruit, medicinal materials, oil, and spices.
6. Emphasize the selection of keynote and key species
Keynote species are a few species that are widely distributed and numerous in the city, with the number of varieties depending on the scale of the city's green spaces, usually 3-5 species for small cities. Key species are commonly used in various types of garden green spaces in the city, with many types and fewer numbers.
7. Develop a reasonable proportion of main tree species
(1) The ratio of trees to shrubs: trees should be the main species, generally accounting for more than 70%
(2) The ratio of deciduous to evergreen trees: Deciduous trees have strong resistance to harmful gases and dust due to their annual leaf shedding, so they are the main species in the north. Generally, deciduous trees account for about 60%, and evergreen trees account for about 40%. In the south, attention should be paid to selecting suitable deciduous species to increase their proportion and enrich the seasonal colors.
(3) Vigorously develop lawn and ground cover plants: In addition to trees, shrubs, and flowers in urban green spaces, the configuration of ground cover plants should be increased to achieve "no bare soil seen" and raise the level of urban greening to a new level.
8. Select tree species based on function
In places with different functions, such as around sports fields and children's activity areas, plants with thorns, such as roses and yellow rose, should not be selected to prevent accidental injuries. When greening precision instrument factories, less or no poplar, willow, or Chinese scholar trees should be used, as these species have small seeds or fine hairs that can fly around on sunny and windy days, making it difficult to control and affecting product precision. Trees such as Pinus sylvestris, Cedrus deodara, Carya illinoinensis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, and Glyptostrobus pensilis should be selected. In addition, tree species with a sufficient supply, feasible planting techniques, and not too high costs should be chosen.
What are the common landscape trees used in landscape greening?
Common landscape trees include: Ginkgo biloba, Maple, Cotinus coggygria, Maple, Metasequoia, Coconut, Camphor tree, Osmanthus, Magnolia, Davidia involucrata, Horse chestnut, styrax, Paulownia, Scholar tree, etc. In fact, palm trees, Maple family, Lauraceae, Mulberry family, Magnoliaceae, and other plant families are relatively common landscape trees.
In the south, landscape trees are mainly evergreen plants, such as palm trees, Livistona, Rhapis excelsa, Chrysalidocarpus lutescens, Washingtonia robusta, Livistona saribus, Arenga winitii, Caryota urens, Phoenix roebelenii, Phoenix sylvestris, Ceroxylon urens, Veitchia merrillii, Areca catechu, Veitchia joannis, Roystonea regia, Hyophorbe Verschaffeltii, Chamaedorea seifrizii, Archontophoenix alexandrae, Hyophorbe lagenicaulis, etc.
Others include: Pandanus, Eurya japonica, Paulownia, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Fraxinus americana, Stewartia pseudocamellia, Davidia involucrata, Camptotheca acuminata, Saraca asoca, Ficus elastica, Banyan, Bombax malabaricum, Longan, Bauhinia, Delonix regia, Magnolia grandiflora, Ficus religiosa, Artocarpus altilis, etc.
The sharing of common green plants and the introduction of plants commonly used in greening projects, hoping to be helpful to you!