How to Manage Greenhouse Grapes After They Bear Fruit
For netizens, a detailed explanation of the management of greenhouse grapes after they bear fruit in terms of green plants and flowers, followed by the sharing of specific content.
How to Manage Greenhouse Grapes After They Bear Fruit
In recent years, the technology of growing grapes in greenhouses has gradually matured, and many grape growers prefer to choose greenhouse cultivation. Greenhouse cultivation of grapes can improve the problems of outdoor cultivation such as high incidence of diseases, low fruit-setting rate, single variety, and poor quality. However, some issues often arise during the greenhouse cultivation process, especially after the grapes have borne fruit, which are more prone to diseases and pests. Therefore, the management of greenhouse grape fruits is very important. Let's see how to manage them.
Temperature and Humidity Management During the Development Process
During the development of grape fruits, the temperature in the greenhouse should be controlled at 25-28℃ during the day; the temperature at night should be maintained at 16-18℃, not exceeding 20℃ and not less than 3℃. During the fruit coloring period, the temperature in the greenhouse should be maintained at 28℃ during the day and below 18℃ at night, which increases the day-night temperature difference and is beneficial for grape coloring and sugar accumulation. Also, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 50%-60%, which helps to reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Fertilization and Water Management During Fruit Expansion Period
1. Fertilization Management
Apply NPK 2:1:1 compound fertilizer once during the seedling stage of grape fruits, about 50g per hole; it can also be combined with fermented chicken manure water, about 100 kg per mu. During the second peak of fruit growth, apply a compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium once, 30-50g per plant, and if conditions permit, apply 500-1000g of plant ash. During the entire fruit development period, foliar fertilizer should be applied every 10-15 days, with 0.2% urea in the early stage and 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the later stage. After the fruit enters the coloring period, fertilization and water application should be controlled. After grapes enter the harvest period, watering must stop.
2. Water Resource Management
The main method of ensuring moisture safety in greenhouse grape cultivation is through irrigation to increase humidity and through mulching and ventilation to reduce temperature. The humidity inside the greenhouse will affect the growth and development of grape fruits, especially during germination, fruit-setting, and fruit quality. During watering, the water requirements of grapes at different growth stages should be met. Watering should be based on soil, climate, and grape growth conditions. First, increase the temperature and water once. Then, water once during the growth periods such as before flowering, after flowering, fruit expansion, and fruit coloring. The principle of "multiple small amounts" should be followed for watering, and excessive watering each time should be avoided.
New Branch Management
During the grape cultivation process, growers should promptly handle the secondary branches and tendrils of grapes. Before the fruit coloring, it is necessary to remove 3-4 old leaves at the base of the new fruiting branches to promote fruit coloring and maturity. When the fruit begins to color, ring stripping should be performed at the base of the main vine or fruiting branch to retain nutrients in the above-ground part and ensure the nutrients required for fruit growth and coloring. After harvesting, the fruit branches should be cut off promptly to improve lighting conditions and promote the maturity of other fruits.
Thinning Fruit
Some grape varieties require thinning. Thinning is the removal of an excessive number of berries from the cluster to allow the remaining berries to expand and prevent them from being too tight. The general timing for grape thinning is 15-20 days after flowering. After the flowers and fruits of soybeans have fallen, the fruit diameter can be adjusted at the same time as the decoration of the fruit cluster. Fruit thinning shears or forceps can be used for thinning. Mainly remove small fruits, malformed fruits, and densely packed fruits from the cluster. For example, the 'Kyoho' grape variety usually retains 12-16 branches per cluster, with 2-3 berries left on top and 4-5 berries on the bottom, leaving 50-60 berries per cluster, with the weight of each cluster controlled at about 0.5 kg.
Disease Control
The main diseases during the development of grape fruits are white rot and T-J disease. Spray 50% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500-700 times about 2 weeks after fruit setting, and spray a fungicide every half a month. Thiophanate-methyl and chlorothalonil wettable powders can be alternated. Additionally, using chlorothalonil aerosol once every 10 days can reduce indoor humidity and the incidence of diseases and pests.
The above are the key points for the management of greenhouse grapes after they bear fruit. Greenhouse cultivation of grapes has the characteristics of fast growth, early fruiting, and high profitability, making it favored by fruit farmers. However, the management of grapes after fruiting is the key to affecting the yield and quality of grapes. Therefore, farmers who grow grapes in greenhouses must master the above management points.
The above is a specific introduction on how to manage greenhouse grapes after they bear fruit, hoping to bring some knowledge of flowers to flower enthusiasts.